10+ Shreem Hallmarking Centre Interview Questions and Answers

Distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points. It has various types and elements.

• Types of distillation include simple distillation, fractional distillation, and steam distillation.

• Types of packing include structured packing and random packing.

• Elements of a distillation column include a reboiler, a condenser, trays or packing, and a reflux drum.

• Optimum reflux ratio is the ratio of the amount of liquid returned to the column to th...read more

NFPA stands for National Fire Protection Association.

• NFPA is a non-profit organization that develops and publishes codes and standards related to fire safety and prevention.

• Their codes and standards are widely used by fire departments, insurance companies, and other organizations to ensure public safety.

• Examples of NFPA codes include NFPA 70 (National Electrical Code), NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code), and NFPA 13 (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems).

HIRA stands for Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment.

• HIRA is a systematic process used to identify potential hazards and assess the associated risks in a workplace or project.

• It involves identifying hazards, evaluating their potential consequences, and determining the likelihood of those consequences occurring.

• The purpose of HIRA is to prioritize risks and implement appropriate control measures to minimize or eliminate them.

• Examples of hazards that can be assessed throug...read more

Hot loop and cold loop are two types of control loops used in instrumentation. Hook-up diagrams show the connection between instruments.

• Hot loop is used for high temperature applications while cold loop is used for low temperature applications.

• Hot loop uses thermocouples or RTDs while cold loop uses thermistors.

• Hook-up diagrams show the physical connection between instruments, such as transmitters, controllers, and valves.

• Hook-up diagrams are used to ensure proper installatio...read more

HAZOP stands for Hazard and Operability Study. It is a systematic and structured approach used to identify and analyze potential hazards and operability issues in industrial processes.

• HAZOP is a widely used technique in the field of process safety management.

• It involves a team of experts who systematically review the design and operation of a process to identify potential hazards.

• The team uses a set of guide words (such as 'no', 'more', 'less', 'part of', etc.) to systematica...read more

IUPAC of products refers to the systematic naming of chemical compounds according to the rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

• IUPAC names are based on the molecular structure of the compound

• They provide a unique name for each compound

• IUPAC names can be quite long and complex

• Examples include ethanoic acid (acetic acid), 2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol), and 1,2-dichloroethane

PLC, DCS and SCADA are industrial control systems used for automation and monitoring.

• PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is used for discrete control and is ideal for applications with a high number of digital inputs and outputs.

• DCS (Distributed Control System) is used for continuous control and is ideal for applications with a high number of analog inputs and outputs.

• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is used for monitoring and control of large-scale processes ...read more

Kaizen is a continuous improvement philosophy, while just-in-time management focuses on minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency.

• Kaizen is a Japanese term meaning 'change for the better' and refers to the practice of continuous improvement in all aspects of an organization.

• It involves making small, incremental changes to processes, systems, and behaviors to achieve better results over time.

• Kaizen emphasizes employee involvement, teamwork, and a culture of continuous learnin...read more

Quality management is the process of ensuring that products or services meet or exceed customer expectations. Six Sigma is a data-driven approach to process improvement.

• Quality management focuses on meeting customer expectations and continuously improving processes.

• It involves identifying and implementing quality standards, monitoring performance, and taking corrective actions.

• Six Sigma is a methodology that aims to reduce defects and variations in processes by using statisti...read more

Different types of separation methods include filtration, distillation, chromatography, and centrifugation.

• Filtration: Separates solids from liquids or gases using a porous material.

• Distillation: Separates components based on differences in boiling points.

• Chromatography: Separates components based on their affinity for a stationary phase.

• Centrifugation: Separates components based on differences in density and size.

Vacuum distillation is used in industries such as petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing to separate components with high boiling points.

• Used in petrochemical industry to separate high boiling point components like lubricating oils and waxes

• Utilized in pharmaceutical industry to purify chemicals and separate compounds with similar boiling points

• Commonly used in food processing to extract flavors and fragrances from natural sources

• Helps in separating components in ...read more

There are various types of control systems used in instrumentation.

• Open loop control system

• Closed loop control system

• Feedback control system

• Feedforward control system

• Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control system

• On-Off control system

• Fuzzy logic control system

• Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) control system

Adsorption is the process in which molecules or particles adhere to the surface of a solid or liquid material.

• Adsorption involves the accumulation of molecules or particles on the surface of a material.

• It is a surface phenomenon, different from absorption where a substance is taken into the bulk of another material.

• Examples include the adsorption of pollutants onto activated carbon in water treatment processes.

Distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• It involves heating the mixture to vaporize the component with the lowest boiling point.

• The vapor is then cooled and condensed back into a liquid, which is collected as the distillate.

• This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages, petroleum refining, and water purification.

• Fractional distillation is a variation of distillation that is used to separate compone...read more