10+ Kirti Solar Interview Questions and Answers

Vulnerability management involves identifying, evaluating, and mitigating security vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scanners scan systems for known vulnerabilities. OWASP top 10 lists common web application security risks. SQL injection and XSS are common attack types. MITRE framework provides a structured approach to cybersecurity. Cyber-kill chain outlines the stages of a cyber attack. Malware analysis involves examining malware behavior. EDR and XDR are endpoint detection an...read more

SQL injection is a code injection technique that attackers use to exploit vulnerabilities in a database-driven application.

• SQL injection occurs when an attacker inserts malicious SQL code into a query, allowing them to manipulate or extract data from the database.

• It can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, data manipulation, or even complete system compromise.

• To mitigate SQL injection, use parameterized queries or prepared statements to ensure input is properly sanitiz...read more

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be mitigated by input validation and output encoding.

• Input validation involves checking user input for malicious code and rejecting it if found.

• Output encoding involves converting special characters to their HTML entity equivalents to prevent them from being interpreted as code.

• Using a Content Securi...read more

OWASP top 10 vulnerabilities are the most critical web application security risks.

• Injection flaws (SQL, NoSQL, OS)

• Broken authentication and session management

• Cross-site scripting (XSS)

• Broken access control

• Security misconfiguration

• Insecure cryptographic storage

• Insufficient logging and monitoring

• Insecure communication

• Using components with known vulnerabilities

• Insufficient attack protection

EDR is a proactive approach to threat detection and response, while antivirus is a reactive approach to threat prevention.

• EDR focuses on detecting and responding to threats in real-time, while antivirus focuses on preventing known threats from infecting a system.

• EDR uses behavioral analysis and machine learning to identify suspicious activity, while antivirus relies on signature-based detection.

• EDR provides more detailed information about the nature of a threat and its impact...read more

Port numbers for different protocols used in networking.

• HTTP - 80

• HTTPS - 443

• FTP - 20, 21

• SSH - 22

• SMTP - 25

• DNS - 53

• POP3 - 110

• IMAP - 143

• LDAP - 389

• RDP - 3389

CSRF stands for Cross-Site Request Forgery, a type of attack where a malicious website tricks a user into performing an action on another website without their knowledge or consent.

• CSRF attacks exploit the trust that a website has in a user's browser

• Attackers can use CSRF to perform actions such as changing a user's password or making unauthorized purchases

• Preventing CSRF involves using techniques such as CSRF tokens and same-site cookies

IPsec stands for Internet Protocol Security, a protocol suite used to secure Internet Protocol (IP) communications.

• IPsec provides authentication, integrity, and confidentiality for data transmitted over a network.

• It can be used to create Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) to securely connect remote offices or users.

• IPsec operates at the network layer of the OSI model and can be implemented through various protocols such as AH and ESP.

• It is commonly used to secure communication b...read more

Firewalls are network security systems that monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

• Firewalls act as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks.

• They can be hardware-based or software-based.

• Firewalls can filter traffic based on IP addresses, ports, protocols, and applications.

• Examples of firewalls include Cisco ASA, Palo Alto Networks, and pfSense.

Implement queue using stack & remove duplicates from linked list

• To implement queue using stack, we need to maintain two stacks. One for enqueue operation and another for dequeue operation.

• To remove duplicates from a linked list, we can use a hash table to keep track of visited nodes and remove duplicates as we traverse the list.

• Alternatively, we can use two pointers to compare each node with all subsequent nodes and remove duplicates.