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Promise is a callback function that returns a value in the future. Async-Await is a syntax that simplifies working with Promises.
Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations and avoid callback hell.
Async-Await is a syntax that allows writing asynchronous code that looks like synchronous code.
Async-Await is built on top of Promises and uses the same underlying mechanism.
Async-Await can only be used within an...
Local Storage is persistent storage that remains even after the browser is closed, while Session Storage is temporary and is cleared when the browser is closed.
Local Storage has no expiration date, while Session Storage is cleared when the session ends
Local Storage can store larger amounts of data compared to Session Storage
Local Storage is accessible across different browser tabs and windows, while Session Storag...
State and props are two important concepts in React. State represents the internal data of a component, while props are used to pass data from a parent component to a child component.
State is mutable and can be changed within a component.
Props are read-only and cannot be modified within a component.
State is used to manage component-specific data, while props are used for inter-component communication.
State is init...
Context API is a feature in React that allows data to be passed down the component tree without manually passing props at each level.
Context API provides a way to share data between components without the need for prop drilling.
It consists of two main components: Provider and Consumer.
The Provider component allows data to be provided and accessed by any component within its subtree.
The Consumer component allows co...
Redux is a state management library for JavaScript applications, providing a predictable and centralized workflow.
Redux follows a unidirectional data flow pattern.
The application state is stored in a single JavaScript object called the store.
Actions are dispatched to describe state changes.
Reducers are pure functions that specify how the state should change based on the dispatched actions.
Selectors are used to ext...
Let, Const, and Var are used to declare variables in JavaScript with different scoping and reassignment abilities.
Var has function scope and can be redeclared and reassigned.
Let has block scope and can be reassigned but not redeclared.
Const has block scope and cannot be reassigned or redeclared.
Closures are functions that have access to variables in their outer scope, even after the outer function has returned.
Closures are created when a function is defined inside another function.
The inner function has access to the outer function's variables and parameters.
Closures can be used to create private variables and methods.
Closures can also be used to create functions with pre-set arguments.
Hoisting is a JavaScript behavior where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their scope.
Hoisting applies to both variable and function declarations.
Variable declarations are hoisted but not their initializations.
Function declarations are fully hoisted, including their definitions.
Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly.
Hooks are a feature introduced in React 16.8 that allow developers to use state and other React features in functional components.
useState() - for managing state in functional components
useEffect() - for performing side effects in functional components
useContext() - for accessing context in functional components
useReducer() - for managing complex state and actions in functional components
useCallback() - for memoiz...
Higher Order Functions are functions that take other functions as arguments or return functions as their results.
Higher Order Functions can be used to create reusable code by abstracting common functionality into a separate function.
They can also be used to implement functional programming concepts like currying and composition.
Example: Array.prototype.map() is a higher order function that takes a callback functio...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Mar 2021. There was 1 interview round.
Let, Const, and Var are used to declare variables in JavaScript with different scoping and reassignment abilities.
Var has function scope and can be redeclared and reassigned.
Let has block scope and can be reassigned but not redeclared.
Const has block scope and cannot be reassigned or redeclared.
State and props are two important concepts in React. State represents the internal data of a component, while props are used to pass data from a parent component to a child component.
State is mutable and can be changed within a component.
Props are read-only and cannot be modified within a component.
State is used to manage component-specific data, while props are used for inter-component communication.
State is initializ...
Promise is a callback function that returns a value in the future. Async-Await is a syntax that simplifies working with Promises.
Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations and avoid callback hell.
Async-Await is a syntax that allows writing asynchronous code that looks like synchronous code.
Async-Await is built on top of Promises and uses the same underlying mechanism.
Async-Await can only be used within an asyn...
Closures are functions that have access to variables in their outer scope, even after the outer function has returned.
Closures are created when a function is defined inside another function.
The inner function has access to the outer function's variables and parameters.
Closures can be used to create private variables and methods.
Closures can also be used to create functions with pre-set arguments.
Hoisting is a JavaScript behavior where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their scope.
Hoisting applies to both variable and function declarations.
Variable declarations are hoisted but not their initializations.
Function declarations are fully hoisted, including their definitions.
Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly.
Event Loop is a mechanism that allows JavaScript to handle asynchronous operations.
Event Loop is a continuous process that checks the Event Queue and moves events to the Event Stack.
Event Queue holds all the events that are waiting to be processed.
Event Stack holds the events that are currently being processed.
When the Event Stack is empty, the Event Loop checks the Event Queue for new events.
JavaScript uses Event Loop...
ES6 introduces new syntax and features to JavaScript, enhancing code readability and functionality.
Arrow Functions: Shorter syntax for function expressions. Example: const add = (a, b) => a + b;
Template Literals: Multi-line strings and string interpolation. Example: const greeting = `Hello, ${name}!`;
Destructuring Assignment: Unpacking values from arrays or properties from objects. Example: const [a, b] = [1, 2];
Def...
Local Storage is persistent storage that remains even after the browser is closed, while Session Storage is temporary and is cleared when the browser is closed.
Local Storage has no expiration date, while Session Storage is cleared when the session ends
Local Storage can store larger amounts of data compared to Session Storage
Local Storage is accessible across different browser tabs and windows, while Session Storage is ...
Redux is a state management library for JavaScript applications, providing a predictable and centralized workflow.
Redux follows a unidirectional data flow pattern.
The application state is stored in a single JavaScript object called the store.
Actions are dispatched to describe state changes.
Reducers are pure functions that specify how the state should change based on the dispatched actions.
Selectors are used to extract ...
Optimizing a React app involves reducing bundle size, using lazy loading, and optimizing rendering performance.
Reduce bundle size by code splitting and using dynamic imports
Use lazy loading to load components only when needed
Optimize rendering performance by using shouldComponentUpdate and PureComponent
Use React.memo to memoize functional components
Avoid unnecessary re-renders by using useMemo and useCallback
Use perfor...
Hooks are a feature introduced in React 16.8 that allow developers to use state and other React features in functional components.
useState() - for managing state in functional components
useEffect() - for performing side effects in functional components
useContext() - for accessing context in functional components
useReducer() - for managing complex state and actions in functional components
useCallback() - for memoizing f...
Higher Order Functions are functions that take other functions as arguments or return functions as their results.
Higher Order Functions can be used to create reusable code by abstracting common functionality into a separate function.
They can also be used to implement functional programming concepts like currying and composition.
Example: Array.prototype.map() is a higher order function that takes a callback function as ...
Context API is a feature in React that allows data to be passed down the component tree without manually passing props at each level.
Context API provides a way to share data between components without the need for prop drilling.
It consists of two main components: Provider and Consumer.
The Provider component allows data to be provided and accessed by any component within its subtree.
The Consumer component allows compone...
React class components have a lifecycle that includes mounting, updating, and unmounting phases with specific methods for each.
Mounting: Methods called when a component is being created and inserted into the DOM. Key methods: constructor(), render(), componentDidMount().
Updating: Methods called when a component's state or props change. Key methods: shouldComponentUpdate(), render(), componentDidUpdate().
Unmounting: Met...
Top trending discussions
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Sep 2019. There were 6 interview rounds.
posted on 15 Sep 2021
I appeared for an interview before Sep 2020.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
It happens in very friendly manner.
Given an 'M x N' matrix, print all the possible paths from the top-left corner to the bottom-right corner. You can only move either right (from (i,j) to (i,j+1)) or dow...
Print all possible paths from top-left to bottom-right in a matrix by moving only right or down.
Use backtracking to explore all possible paths from top-left to bottom-right in the matrix.
At each cell, recursively explore moving right and down until reaching the bottom-right corner.
Keep track of the current path and add it to the result when reaching the destination.
Yes, I can create 2 tables in SQL and perform operations like INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
Create Table 1: CREATE TABLE employees (id INT, name VARCHAR(50), salary DECIMAL(10,2));
Create Table 2: CREATE TABLE departments (dept_id INT, dept_name VARCHAR(50));
Insert Data: INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 50000);
Select Data: SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 40000;
Update Data: UPDATE employees SET...
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
No problem occur very friendly environment.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
You need to determine all possible paths for a rat starting at position (0, 0) in a square maze to reach its destination at (N-1, N-1). The maze is represented as an N*N ma...
Find all possible paths for a rat in a maze from source to destination.
Use backtracking to explore all possible paths in the maze.
Keep track of visited cells to avoid revisiting them.
Explore all possible directions (up, down, left, right) from each cell.
Add the current direction to the path and recursively explore further.
If the destination is reached, add the path to the list of valid paths.
Tip 1 : Competitive programming plays a major role when you are appearing for coding rounds as a fresher. In the coding rounds, you won't get direct problems copied from Geeksforgeeks or Leetcode. You would be required to use your logical thinking to go ahead in the process. This is where competitive programming helps.
Tip 2 : Coding rounds are all about Coding + Timing. Most people fail to excel due to the pressure of a timer ticking on your head. So, instead of just solving problems, try to participate in timed contests. This will help you be used to the pressure of the timer.
Tip 3 : Many big companies like Microsoft, Amazon, and even Google expect you to be good at standard problems. So, once you are done with coding round by your logical skills and competitive programming, you must be well versed with some standard problems in order to excel.
Application resume tips for other job seekersTip 1 : Make it short, crisp, and simple. It is always good to have a 1 pager resume.
Tip 2 : Resume must comprise of the following: Educational Qualifications, Technical skills, Projects, Work experience (if any), Achievements. Other than this, you may include some extra co-curricular achievements.
posted on 13 Jan 2015
I am a software developer with experience in various programming languages and frameworks.
Proficient in Java, C++, and Python
Familiar with web development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
Experience with database management systems such as MySQL and MongoDB
Strong problem-solving and analytical skills
Worked on projects involving machine learning and artificial intelligence
Method overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but different parameters. Method overriding is having a subclass method with the same name and parameters as a superclass method.
Method overloading is used to provide different ways of calling the same method with different parameters.
Method overriding is used to provide a specific implementation of a method in a subclass that is already defined in the su...
Switch case is used for multiple conditions while if else is used for binary conditions.
Switch case is faster than if else for multiple conditions.
If else can handle complex conditions while switch case cannot.
Switch case can only compare values of the same data type.
If else can handle null values while switch case cannot.
Example: switch (day) { case 1: console.log('Monday'); break; case 2: console.log('Tuesday'); brea...
Interface and abstract class are both used for abstraction in object-oriented programming.
An interface is a collection of abstract methods that define a contract for a class to implement.
An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and may contain abstract methods.
Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.
Abstract classes can have non-abstract methods and instance variables.
An example of a...
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.
It allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were objects of the same class.
It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.
Example: A shape class can have multiple subclasses like circle, square, etc. and all can be treated as shapes.
Example: A method can have different implementations in different classes but with the sa...
Inheritance is a mechanism in object-oriented programming where a new class is created by inheriting properties of an existing class.
Inheritance allows code reusability and saves time and effort in writing new code.
The existing class is called the parent or base class, and the new class is called the child or derived class.
The child class inherits all the properties and methods of the parent class and can also add its ...
Default case in switch case statement
Default case is executed when no other case matches the switch expression
It is optional and can be placed anywhere in the switch statement
It is often used to handle unexpected input or errors
It should always be the last case in the switch statement
I am a passionate software developer with a strong background in web development and a love for problem-solving.
Experienced in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and various web development frameworks
Proficient in backend development using languages like Java, Python, and Node.js
Familiar with database management systems such as MySQL and MongoDB
Strong problem-solving skills and ability to work well in a team environment
I tend to get overly focused on details, which can sometimes slow down my progress.
I have a tendency to spend too much time on perfecting small details
I sometimes struggle with prioritizing tasks due to my focus on details
I am working on improving my time management skills to balance detail-oriented work with efficiency
Yes, I have received offers from two other companies.
Received offers from Company A and Company B
Currently evaluating all offers to make an informed decision
Considering factors like company culture, growth opportunities, and compensation
I would like to join Google because of their innovative projects and work culture.
Google is known for its cutting-edge technology and innovative projects.
They have a strong focus on employee well-being and work-life balance.
Google offers opportunities for career growth and development.
The company has a diverse and inclusive work culture.
Google is a leader in the tech industry with a global presence.
Yes, I have worked in multiple teams in various projects.
Worked in a team of developers to create a new software application
Collaborated with designers, testers, and project managers to meet project deadlines
Participated in daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and roadblocks
Yes, they are similar.
All 8 metal balls are of the same material.
They have the same size and weight.
They have the same physical properties.
They are interchangeable in any given situation.
C++ is an extension of C with object-oriented programming features.
C++ supports classes and objects while C does not.
C++ has better support for polymorphism and inheritance.
C++ has a standard template library (STL) which C does not have.
C++ allows function overloading while C does not.
C++ has exception handling while C does not.
For loop is used for iterating over a sequence while while loop is used for iterating until a condition is met.
For loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand
While loop is used when the number of iterations is not known beforehand
For loop is faster than while loop for iterating over a sequence
While loop is useful for iterating until a specific condition is met
For loop can be used with range() functio...
To reverse a string without using any looping and inbuilt functions, we can use recursion.
Create a function that takes a string as input.
If the length of the string is 0 or 1, return the string.
Otherwise, call the function recursively with the substring starting from the second character and concatenate the first character at the end.
Return the reversed string.
Example: reverseString('hello') returns 'olleh'.
A priority queue can be implemented using a single queue or multiple queues.
One approach is to use a single queue and assign priorities to elements using a separate data structure.
Another approach is to use multiple queues, each representing a different priority level.
For example, if there are three priority levels, three queues can be used to implement the priority queue.
An array of objects can be used to implement a heterogeneous array.
Each element in the array can be an object that represents a different data type.
The objects can have different properties and methods based on their respective data types.
For example, an element can be an object representing a string with a 'value' property and a 'length' method.
Developed a web-based inventory management system for a retail company.
Used HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the front-end development.
Implemented a RESTful API using Node.js and Express for the back-end.
Utilized a MySQL database to store and manage inventory data.
Implemented features like product search, order management, and reporting.
Ensured data security and user authentication using encryption and JWT.
Collaborated wi...
The missing rupee is not actually missing. The calculation is misleading and does not account for the total amount paid.
The initial amount paid by each person was Rs.10, totaling Rs.30.
The owner gave them a discount of Rs.5, so they paid Rs.25 in total.
The broker took Rs.2, leaving them with Rs.23.
When the broker returned Rs.1 to each person, they each received Rs.1 back, totaling Rs.3.
So, the total amount paid by the ...
Inheritance in Java allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
Inheritance is achieved using the 'extends' keyword.
The class that is being inherited from is called the superclass or parent class.
The class that inherits from the superclass is called the subclass or child class.
Subclasses can access the public and protected members of the superclass.
Inheritance promotes code reusability and allow...
A program to check if a given number is a palindrome or not.
Convert the number to a string.
Reverse the string and compare it with the original string.
If they are equal, the number is a palindrome.
If not, the number is not a palindrome.
Normalisation is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
It involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.
Normalization helps to eliminate data inconsistencies and anomalies.
There are different levels of normalization, with each level having specific rules to follow.
For example, first normal form (1NF) requires that each t...
Yes, I am ready to relocate anywhere in India or outside upon company needs.
I am open to exploring new locations and cultures.
I understand that relocation may be necessary for career growth and opportunities.
I am adaptable and willing to adjust to new environments.
I have experience working in diverse teams and can easily integrate into new settings.
I would be ready to accept a project in Java even if I was trained in DotNet earlier.
I have a strong foundation in programming principles and concepts, which can be applied to any language.
I am confident in my ability to quickly learn and adapt to new technologies.
I have experience working with multiple programming languages and frameworks.
I can leverage my knowledge of DotNet to understand similar concepts in Java.
I a...
I want to join Sapient because of its reputation for innovative projects and collaborative work environment.
Sapient is known for working on cutting-edge projects that push the boundaries of technology
I value the collaborative work environment at Sapient, where team members support each other to achieve success
I am impressed by Sapient's commitment to professional development and growth opportunities for employees
My expectations from Sapient
I expect Sapient to provide a challenging and innovative work environment
I expect Sapient to offer opportunities for professional growth and learning
I expect Sapient to have a collaborative and supportive team culture
I expect Sapient to provide competitive compensation and benefits
I expect Sapient to have a strong focus on quality and delivering excellent software solutions
posted on 9 Feb 2015
SQL command for creating a table
Use CREATE TABLE statement
Specify table name and column names with data types
Add any constraints or indexes as needed
SQL commands for inserting, updating, and deleting data from a table.
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3) VALUES (value1, value2, value3);
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = new_value1 WHERE condition;
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
Truncate and drop are SQL commands used to remove data from a table.
Truncate removes all data from a table but keeps the structure intact.
Drop removes the entire table and its structure.
Truncate is faster than drop as it only removes data.
Drop cannot be undone while truncate can be rolled back.
Truncate resets the identity of the table while drop does not.
Examples: TRUNCATE TABLE table_name; DROP TABLE table_name;
I am a software developer with experience in Java and Python.
I have a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science.
I have worked on various projects involving web development and data analysis.
I am proficient in Java and Python programming languages.
I have experience with frameworks such as Spring and Django.
I am familiar with databases such as MySQL and MongoDB.
I have always been fascinated by technology and its ability to solve complex problems.
I enjoy problem-solving and logical thinking
I have a natural curiosity for how things work
I see the potential for technology to make a positive impact on society
I have experience in programming and find it rewarding
I am excited about the constant innovation and evolution in the IT industry
My strengths include problem-solving, adaptability, and teamwork. My weakness is public speaking.
Strengths: problem-solving, adaptability, teamwork
Examples: I have successfully solved complex coding problems, adapted to new technologies quickly, and collaborated effectively with team members.
Weakness: public speaking
Examples: I get nervous when speaking in front of large groups, but I am working on improving my present...
I have the technical skills, experience, and passion to excel in this role.
I have a strong background in software development, with expertise in multiple programming languages and frameworks.
I have experience working on complex projects and collaborating with cross-functional teams.
I am passionate about staying up-to-date with the latest technologies and trends in the industry.
I am a quick learner and adaptable to new ...
Some of the top questions asked at the Capgemini Engineering React Developer interview -
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