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10+ Cape Teaching and Leadership Institute Associate Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 5 Feb 2024

Q1. what difference between @EnableAutoConfiguration and ComponentScan

Ans.

EnableAutoConfiguration enables auto-configuration of Spring Boot application while ComponentScan scans for Spring components.

  • EnableAutoConfiguration automatically configures Spring Boot application based on classpath and other settings.

  • ComponentScan scans for Spring components and registers them as beans.

  • EnableAutoConfiguration is used in main application class while ComponentScan can be used in any configuration class.

  • EnableAutoConfiguration can be disabled using @SpringBoo...read more

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Q2. What is functional interface write your own.

Ans.

A functional interface is an interface with only one abstract method. It can be implemented using lambda expressions.

  • Functional interfaces are used in Java 8's functional programming features.

  • Examples of functional interfaces include Runnable, Comparator, and Callable.

  • To create your own functional interface, use the @FunctionalInterface annotation.

  • The interface should have only one abstract method, and can have default and static methods.

  • Lambda expressions can be used to impl...read more

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Q3. what are the methods available in stream class

Ans.

Stream class methods include read, write, seek, tell, flush, and more.

  • read() - reads data from the stream

  • write() - writes data to the stream

  • seek() - moves the stream position to a specified location

  • tell() - returns the current position in the stream

  • flush() - flushes any buffered data to the stream

  • eof() - returns true if the end of the stream has been reached

  • good() - returns true if the stream is in a good state

  • fail() - returns true if a read or write operation failed

  • clear() -...read more

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Q4. How to handle transaction in microservices

Ans.

Transactions in microservices ensure data consistency and integrity.

  • Use distributed transactions to ensure atomicity across multiple services.

  • Implement compensating transactions to handle failures and rollbacks.

  • Use event-driven architecture to maintain consistency between services.

  • Consider using a Saga pattern to manage long-running transactions.

  • Avoid two-phase commit as it can lead to performance issues and scalability problems.

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Q5. what is @Transactional annotation in spring

Ans.

The @Transactional annotation is used in Spring to manage transactions in a declarative way.

  • It is used to define the scope of a transaction.

  • It can be applied at the class or method level.

  • It supports various attributes like propagation, isolation, timeout, and read-only.

  • It can be used with different transaction managers like JDBC, Hibernate, JPA, etc.

  • It rolls back the transaction if an exception is thrown.

  • It can be used with AOP to provide transaction management.

  • Example: @Tran...read more

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Q6. Difference between Future and CompleteblaFuture class

Ans.

Future is an interface while CompletableFuture is a class that implements Future and provides additional methods.

  • Future is a basic interface for asynchronous programming in Java

  • CompletableFuture is a class that implements Future and provides additional methods like thenApply(), thenAccept(), etc.

  • CompletableFuture can be used to chain multiple asynchronous operations

  • CompletableFuture can also be used to handle exceptions in asynchronous programming

  • CompletableFuture is more fle...read more

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Q7. What are the new features added to java8

Ans.

Java8 introduced several new features including lambda expressions, streams, and default methods.

  • Lambda expressions allow for functional programming and simplify code.

  • Streams provide a way to process collections of data in a functional way.

  • Default methods allow for adding new methods to interfaces without breaking existing implementations.

  • Other features include the Date and Time API, Nashorn JavaScript engine, and improved security.

  • Java8 also introduced the concept of Optiona...read more

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Q8. what are the http methods and it's uses

Ans.

HTTP methods are used to specify the type of action to be performed on a resource.

  • GET - retrieve information from the server

  • POST - submit data to the server

  • PUT - update a resource on the server

  • DELETE - remove a resource from the server

  • HEAD - retrieve headers from the server

  • OPTIONS - retrieve the supported HTTP methods for a resource

  • PATCH - update a resource partially on the server

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Q9. Tell me about Executor framework

Ans.

Executor framework is a Java framework that provides a way to execute tasks asynchronously using a thread pool.

  • It provides a way to manage threads and execute tasks in a thread pool

  • It allows for better resource management and improved performance

  • It supports different types of thread pools such as fixed, cached, and scheduled

  • Example: Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10) creates a thread pool with 10 threads

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Q10. What is aggregation and composition

Ans.

Aggregation and composition are two types of relationships between objects in object-oriented programming.

  • Aggregation is a relationship where one object is a container for other objects, but the contained objects can exist independently.

  • Composition is a relationship where one object is composed of other objects, and the composed objects cannot exist independently.

  • Aggregation is represented by a 'has-a' relationship, while composition is represented by a 'part-of' relationship...read more

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Q11. How two threads will communicate

Ans.

Two threads can communicate through shared memory or message passing.

  • Shared memory: Both threads can access the same memory location to exchange data.

  • Message passing: One thread sends a message to another thread through a communication channel.

  • Synchronization primitives like locks, semaphores, and barriers can be used to coordinate access to shared resources.

  • Examples: POSIX threads, Java threads, Windows threads.

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