AVA Solutions Interview Questions and Answers

The theory of failure suitable for ductile materials is the Von Mises criterion, and for brittle materials, it is the Maximum Principal Stress theory.

• Ductile materials undergo plastic deformation before failure, so the Von Mises criterion, which considers the yield strength of the material, is suitable.

• Brittle materials fail suddenly without any plastic deformation, so the Maximum Principal Stress theory, which considers the tensile strength of the material, is suitable.

• Examp...read more

Manufacturing processes include casting, forging, machining, welding, and more.

• Casting: pouring molten metal into a mold to create a solid object

• Forging: shaping metal by heating and hammering

• Machining: using tools to remove material from a workpiece

• Welding: joining two pieces of metal by melting them together

• Additive manufacturing: building up layers of material to create a 3D object

• Forming: shaping metal without removing material, such as bending or stamping

• Extrusion: forci...read more

Factor of safety is a measure of how much stronger a structure is than it needs to be for its intended purpose.

• Factor of safety is the ratio of the maximum load a structure can handle to the actual load it is expected to handle.

• It is used to ensure that a structure or component can withstand unexpected loads or stresses.

• For example, a bridge may have a factor of safety of 2, meaning it can handle twice the maximum expected load without failing.

• Factors of safety vary depending...read more

Surface finish is required in various applications for improved functionality and aesthetics.

• Surface finish is important in manufacturing to improve the performance and durability of products.

• In automotive industry, surface finish is required for improved aerodynamics and fuel efficiency.

• In medical devices, surface finish is crucial for preventing bacterial growth and ensuring biocompatibility.

• Surface finish is also important in consumer products for aesthetic appeal and tact...read more

Broaching is a machining process that uses a toothed tool to remove material. Surface finish refers to the texture of a machined surface.

• Broaching is a process of removing material using a broach tool with teeth that gradually increase in size.

• Surface finish is the texture of a machined surface, which can be measured in terms of roughness or smoothness.

• Surface finish can be improved by using different cutting tools, adjusting cutting parameters, or using finishing processes l...read more

Maximum shear stress theory is a theory used to determine the failure of materials under shear stress.

• Also known as Tresca's theory or Guest's theory

• States that failure occurs when the maximum shear stress in a material exceeds a certain value

• Used in designing materials for ductile failure

• Not applicable for brittle materials

• Formula: τmax = (σ1 - σ2) / 2

• Where σ1 and σ2 are the principal stresses

Stress-strain diagrams of MS and cast iron.

• Mild Steel: linear elastic up to yield point, plastic deformation after that, ultimate strength at fracture point.

• Cast Iron: brittle material, low ductility, low yield strength, high compressive strength.

• MS has higher tensile strength than cast iron.

• MS has higher elongation at break than cast iron.

There are various inserts used for threading depending on the material being threaded and the type of thread required.

• The most common inserts are carbide inserts, ceramic inserts, and high-speed steel inserts.

• Carbide inserts are suitable for threading hard materials like stainless steel and titanium.

• Ceramic inserts are used for high-speed threading of aluminum and other non-ferrous materials.

• High-speed steel inserts are used for general-purpose threading of softer materials l...read more