Andritz Hydro Location India Assistant Manager - SCM Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Introduced my self in 1st question
Ans. Good evening, respected sir/mam Thank you for giving me this opportunity to introduce myself, my name is Pooja Najan,I am form Shevgoan, dist. A. Nagar. I am currently teaching in engineering of computer diploma 3rd year continue, my hobbies are Reading, writting and playing computer games, I would like to become a software engineer in my life and I am fresher. I belong to middle class family. There are 6 members in my...read more
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Q2. What is c language? What is keyword in c language?
Ans. 
C language is a high-level programming language used for developing software. Keywords are reserved words with predefined meanings.
• C language is a general-purpose programming language.

• It was developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie.

• C language is widely used for system programming and embedded systems.

• Keywords in C language cannot be used as variable names or identifiers.

• Examples of keywords in C language include ...read more
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Q3. What is data type in c language
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Data type in C language defines the type of data that a variable can hold.
• C language has built-in data types like int, float, char, etc.

• Data types determine the size and layout of variables in memory.

• They also define the operations that can be performed on the variables.

• For example, int can store whole numbers, float can store decimal numbers, and char can store single characters.
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Q4. What is Array, pointer in c language
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An array is a collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations. A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable.
• Arrays allow storing multiple values of the same type in a single variable.

• Pointers are used to store memory addresses and can be used to access and manipulate data indirectly.

• Example: int arr[5]; // declares an array of integers with 5 elements

• Exa...read more
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Q5. What is operator ?And it's type of operator.
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An operator is a symbol or keyword used to perform operations on operands in a programming language.
• Operators are used to manipulate data and perform calculations.

• There are different types of operators such as arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, etc.

• Examples of operators include + (addition), = (assignment), == (equality), && (logical AND), etc.
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Q6. Syntax of c language?
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The syntax of the C programming language is a set of rules that dictate how programs written in C should be structured and formatted.
• C programs are written using a combination of keywords, identifiers, operators, and punctuation marks.

• Statements in C are terminated with a semicolon (;).

• Blocks of code are enclosed within curly braces ({ }).

• Variables must be declared before they can be used, specifying their data type.

• Fu...read more
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Q7. What is string in c language
Ans. 
A string in C language is a sequence of characters stored in an array.
• Strings in C are represented as arrays of characters.

• They are terminated by a null character '\0'.

• Strings can be manipulated using various string functions like strcpy, strcat, etc.
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Q8. Syntax of string in c language
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The syntax of a string in the C language is a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes.
• Strings in C are represented as arrays of characters.

• Strings are null-terminated, meaning they end with a null character '\0'.

• String literals can be assigned to char arrays or pointers.

• String manipulation functions like strcpy, strcat, strlen, etc., are used to work with strings.
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Q9. Different between calloc()and malloc()
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calloc() and malloc() are both used for dynamic memory allocation in C, but calloc() also initializes the allocated memory to zero.
• calloc() allocates memory for an array of elements and initializes them to zero.

• malloc() only allocates memory for the specified number of bytes.

• calloc() is useful when initializing arrays or structures.

• malloc() is useful when allocating memory for a single variable or a dynamically sized a
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Q10. Can I compile c program without main ()
Ans. 
Yes, it is possible to compile a C program without main().
• A C program must have a main() function as the entry point.

• However, it is possible to compile a C program without a main() function using a different entry point.

• This can be achieved by defining a different entry point using linker options or compiler-specific attributes.

• For example, in some embedded systems, the entry point may be defined as _start() instead of
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Q11. What is nested structure?
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Nested structure refers to a structure within another structure in programming.
• It allows organizing data in a hierarchical manner.

• Nested structures can be used to represent complex relationships between data.

• They can be implemented using classes, structs, or objects in various programming languages.

• Example: A structure representing a person can have a nested structure representing their address.
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Q12. What is a preprocesser?
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A preprocessor is a program or tool that processes source code before it is compiled or interpreted.
• Preprocessors are commonly used in programming languages like C and C++.

• They perform tasks such as macro expansion, file inclusion, and conditional compilation.

• Examples of preprocessors include the C preprocessor (cpp) and the C++ preprocessor (cpp).
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Q13. What is the use of printf() and scanf ()?
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printf() is used to print formatted output to the console, while scanf() is used to read formatted input from the console.
• printf() is used to display output on the console, allowing for formatting options like specifying the number of decimal places or padding with leading zeros.

• scanf() is used to read input from the console, allowing for formatting options like reading integers, floats, or strings.

• Both functions are p...read more
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Q14. What is /0 character?
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The /0 character, also known as the null character, is a control character used to indicate the end of a string in C-based languages.
• It has a value of zero and is represented as '\0' in C-based languages.

• It is used to terminate strings and is typically placed at the end of a character array.

• When encountered, it signals the end of the string and any characters after it are ignored.
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Q15. How is Function declared in c language?
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A function in C is declared by specifying the return type, function name, and parameters (if any).
• The return type specifies the type of value the function will return.

• The function name is used to call the function.

• Parameters are optional and specify the input values the function expects.

• Function declaration ends with a semicolon.
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Q16. What is Dynamic Memory Allocation? Mention it's syntax.
Ans. 
Dynamic Memory Allocation is the process of allocating memory at runtime for storing data.
• Dynamic Memory Allocation allows programs to allocate memory as needed during runtime.

• It helps in managing memory efficiently by allocating and deallocating memory as required.

• The syntax for dynamic memory allocation in C is using the 'malloc' function to allocate memory and 'free' function to deallocate memory.

• Example: char* str ...read more
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Q17. Write an example for structure in c language.
Ans. 
A structure in C is a user-defined data type that allows you to combine different types of variables under a single name.
• Structures are used to represent real-world entities or concepts in programming.

• They can contain variables of different data types, including other structures.

• Structures provide a way to organize related data and improve code readability and maintainability.

• You can access the members of a structure u...read more
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Q18. Can I create customized header file in C ?
Ans. 
Yes, you can create customized header files in C.
• Customized header files in C are used to declare functions, variables, and macros that can be used across multiple source files.

• To create a customized header file, you can use the .h extension and include it in your C program using the #include directive.

• The header file should contain function prototypes, type definitions, and macro definitions.

• You can also include other...read more
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Q19. What do you mean by Memory Leak?
Ans. 
Memory leak is a situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer needed, leading to memory exhaustion.
• Memory leak occurs when dynamically allocated memory is not deallocated properly.

• It can happen when a program loses the reference to allocated memory without freeing it.

• Memory leaks can gradually consume all available memory, causing the program to crash or slow down.

• Common causes include forgetting...read more
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Q20. Static Local Variable and what is there is use?
Ans. 
Static local variables are variables declared inside a function that retain their value between function calls.
• Static local variables are initialized only once, and their value persists across multiple function calls.

• They are useful for maintaining state information within a function.

• Static local variables have a local scope and are not accessible outside the function.

• They can be used to count the number of times a fun...read more
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Q21. What is statement is efficient and why? X=X+1/X++?
Ans. 
The statement X=X+1/X++ is not efficient.
• The use of post-increment operator (X++) can lead to unpredictable behavior and make the code harder to understand.

• The division operation (1/X) can result in a runtime error if X is 0.

• The statement can be rewritten in a more efficient and readable way.
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Q22. What is typecasting?
Ans. 
Typecasting is the process of converting one data type into another in programming.
• Typecasting allows programmers to change the data type of a variable.

• It can be done implicitly or explicitly.

• Implicit typecasting is automatic and occurs when a value of one data type is assigned to a variable of another data type.

• Explicit typecasting is done manually using casting operators.

• Examples of typecasting include converting an
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Q23. C program to hello world
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A C program to print 'Hello, World!'
• Use the 'printf' function from the 'stdio.h' library to print the message

• Include the 'stdio.h' header file at the beginning of the program

• Use the 'int' return type for the main function

• End the program with a 'return 0' statement
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Q24. Features of C language?
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C is a powerful and widely used programming language known for its efficiency and low-level control.
• C is a procedural language with a simple syntax and a rich set of built-in functions.

• It allows direct memory manipulation and provides low-level access to hardware.

• C supports modular programming with the use of functions and libraries.

• It is highly portable and can be used to develop software for various platforms.

• C is co...read more
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Q25. What is the oops Concept?
Ans. 
OOPs is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects that interact with each other.
• OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming.

• It focuses on creating objects that have properties and methods to interact with each other.

• Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and Abstraction are the four main pillars of OOPs.

• Examples of OOPs languages are Java, C++, Python, etc.
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Q26. What is the polymorphisam?
Ans. 
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.
• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they are of the same class.

• It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example: A parent class Animal can have child classes like Dog, Cat, and Cow, each with their own implementation of the method 'makeSound'.

• Polymorphism makes code more flexible and reusable.
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Q27. What is encapsulation?
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Encapsulation is the process of hiding implementation details and restricting access to an object's properties and methods.
• Encapsulation helps in achieving data abstraction and security.

• It allows for better control over the data and prevents unwanted changes.

• Access to the object's properties and methods is restricted through access modifiers such as public, private, and protected.

• For example, a class may have private v...read more
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Q28. What is the abstraction?
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Abstraction is the process of hiding complex implementation details and exposing only the necessary information.
• Abstraction is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming.

• It helps in reducing complexity and improving the maintainability of code.

• Abstraction can be achieved through interfaces, abstract classes, and encapsulation.

• For example, a car can be abstracted as a machine with wheels, engine, and steering.

• ...read more
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Q1. What is the polymorphisam?
Ans. 
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.
• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they are of the same class.

• It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Examples include function overloading, operator overloading, and inheritance.

• Polymorphism helps in achieving loose coupling and flexibility in code design.
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Q2. Basic concept of the c language
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Q3. Basic concept of the Oops?
Ans. 
OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects.
• OOPs focuses on creating reusable code and organizing it into objects.

• It involves encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Encapsulation is the process of hiding implementation details and exposing only necessary information.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.

• Polymor...read more
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Q4. What is operating system?
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An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources.
• It acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware.

• It provides services such as memory management, process management, and device management.

• Examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android.

• It allows multiple applications to run simultaneously.

• It provides security features such as user authentication and access co
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Q5. What is access matrix?
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Access matrix is a security model that defines access rights of subjects to objects.
• Access matrix is a table that lists all subjects and objects and their corresponding access rights.

• It is used to control access to resources in a computer system.

• Access matrix can be implemented using access control lists (ACLs) or capabilities.

• It helps in enforcing the principle of least privilege.

• Example: A user can have read-only acc...read more
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Q6. What is real -time system?
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Real-time system is a computer system that processes data as it is received and provides immediate response.
• Real-time systems are used in applications where timely response is critical.

• They are designed to process data in real-time without any delay.

• Examples include air traffic control systems, stock trading systems, and medical monitoring systems.
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Q7. What is multi_programming?
Ans. 
Multi-programming is the ability of a computer to execute multiple programs simultaneously.
• Allows for efficient use of CPU time

• Requires memory management techniques such as swapping and paging

• Examples include time-sharing systems and batch processing systems
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Q8. What is multi -tasking?
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Multitasking is the ability of a system to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
• Multitasking allows a system to switch between tasks quickly and efficiently.

• It can be achieved through hardware or software.

• Examples include running multiple applications on a computer or phone, or listening to music while working on a document.

• Multitasking can improve productivity and efficiency, but can also lead to decreased performanc
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Q1. Basics of c and java
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Q1. How break work in excavator
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Q2. Type of valve like MRV & PRV
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