5. In a thermal power plant, what are the main factors that determine the overall efficiency of the plant? How do you optimize these factors to achieve higher efficiency and reduce environmental impacts? Additionally, could you discuss any specific projects or initiatives you have worked on to improve the efficiency or sustainability of a thermal power plant?

Question

Accepted Answer

Main factors affecting thermal power plant efficiency and strategies for optimization.

Main factors include boiler efficiency, turbine efficiency, heat rate, and plant load factor.
Optimization strategies include regular maintenance, use of advanced technology, and efficient fuel management.
Example project: Implementing a heat recovery system to capture waste heat and improve overall efficiency.
Example initiative: Upgrading to high-efficiency turbines to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

Accepted Answer

Answer: The electrical power generated by a generator in a thermal power plant is controlled and regulated through various mechanisms. The prime mover, typically a steam turbine, is controlled to adjust the rotational speed, which directly impacts the generator output frequency. Automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) monitor the generator's voltage and adjust the field excitation to maintain a stable voltage output. Additionally, power management systems and grid interconnection controls are employed to ensure synchronized power supply and maintain system stability.

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