2. In a thermal power plant, what are the main components and functions of a steam turbine? Could you describe the working principle of a steam turbine and how it converts thermal energy into mechanical energy?

Question

Accepted Answer

A steam turbine in a thermal power plant converts thermal energy into mechanical energy through a series of components and processes.

Main components of a steam turbine include rotor, blades, casing, and steam inlet/outlet.
Functions of a steam turbine include converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, generating electricity, and driving the generator.
Working principle involves high-pressure steam entering the turbine through nozzles, expanding and rotating the rotor blades, and exiting at a lower pressure.
The rotor is connected to a shaft which drives the generator to produce electricity.
Examples of steam turbines include impulse turbines and reaction turbines.
Efficiency of a steam turbine depends on factors like steam temperature, pressure, and turbine design.

Accepted Answer

Boiler,The boiler heats water to produce steam.Turbine,the turbine expands the steam to produce mechanical energy.Generator,the generator converts the mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy..

Accepted Answer

A steam turbine is a crucial component in a thermal power plant, responsible for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. Here's an overview of its main components and functions, along with a description of its working principle:

Main Components of a Steam Turbine:
Turbine Blades:

Function: The blades are the most critical parts of the turbine. Steam impacts the blades, causing them to spin. They are designed to efficiently convert the thermal energy of the steam into mechanical energy.
Rotor:

Function: The rotor is connected to the blades. As the blades rotate due to the impact of steam, the rotor spins, converting the steam’s energy into rotational energy.
Stator:

Function: The stator is a stationary part of the turbine that helps direct the flow of steam onto the turbine blades. It also contains nozzles that control the speed and pressure of the steam entering the rotor.
Casing:

Function: The casing encloses the rotor and blades, containing the high-pressure steam within the turbine and providing structural support.
Nozzles:

Function: Nozzles accelerate the steam before it strikes the blades, increasing its kinetic energy. This is essential for efficient energy conversion.
Bearings:

Function: Bearings support the rotating shaft and maintain its alignment, reducing friction and wear during operation.
Governor:

Function: The governor controls the speed of the turbine by regulating the amount of steam entering the turbine. It ensures that the turbine operates within safe speed limits.
Condenser:

Function: The condenser condenses the exhaust steam from the turbine into water, creating a vacuum that helps improve the efficiency of the turbine.
Working Principle of a Steam Turbine:
The steam turbine operates on the principle of converting thermal energy (heat energy) from steam into mechanical energy (rotational energy). Here's how it works:

Steam Generation:

High-pressure steam is generated in a boiler by heating water, usually by burning coal, oil, or natural gas. The steam reaches a high temperature and pressure.
Steam Expansion:

The high-pressure steam is directed through nozzles that convert its thermal energy into kinetic energy, causing it to expand and speed up. The steam's velocity increases as it passes through the nozzles.
Impact on Blades:

The high-velocity steam strikes the turbine blades, causing them to move. The blades are shaped to maximize the efficiency of this energy transfer. As the steam flows over the blades, it imparts kinetic energy to them, causing the rotor to spin.
Mechanical Energy Conversion:

The spinning rotor, connected to the turbine shaft, converts the kinetic energy from the steam into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is then used to drive an electric generator, producing electricity.
Steam Exhaust:

After passing through the turbine, the steam loses most of its energy and is exhausted into a condenser. In the condenser, the steam is cooled and condensed back into water, which can then be pumped back into the boiler to repeat the cycle.
Energy Conversion Process:
Thermal Energy to Kinetic Energy: The steam’s thermal energy is first converted into kinetic energy as it expands and accelerates through the nozzles.
Kinetic Energy to Mechanical Energy: The high-speed steam impacts the turbine blades, transferring its kinetic energy to them and causing the rotor to spin, converting the kinetic energy into mechanical energy.
Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy: The mechanical energy of the spinning rotor is used to drive a generator, producing electrical energy for distribution.
The efficiency of a steam turbine depends on the design of its components, the temperature and pressure of the steam, and how well the system is maintained.

Accepted Answer

Answer: The main components of a steam turbine in a thermal power plant include the rotor, stator, diaphragms, blades, and casing. The rotor is connected to the generator and converts the kinetic energy of steam into mechanical energy. The stator provides support and houses the stationary blades and diaphragms, which control the flow of steam. The blades are responsible for extracting energy from the steam, while the casing encloses and directs the steam flow.

2. In a thermal power plant, what are the main components and functions of a steam turbine? Could you describe the working principle of a steam turbine and how it converts thermal energy into mechanical energy?

Top Adani Power Assistant Manager interview questions & answers

Popular interview questions of Assistant Manager

Top HR questions asked in Adani Power Assistant Manager