10+ Trainee Chemist Interview Questions and Answers

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.

• Name reactions are important chemical reactions that have been given specific names to make them easier to remember and communicate.

• Oxidizing agents are substances that cause oxidation, while reducing agents are substances that cause reduction.

• Spectroscopy techniques like UV-Vis, IR, and NMR are used to identify and analyze chemical compounds.

• Examples of name reactions include the Grigna...read more

Chemistry reactions involve the transformation of substances into new substances through chemical processes.

• Chemical reactions involve the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

• Reactions can be classified into various types such as synthesis, decomposition, combustion, and redox reactions.

• Examples of reactions include the combustion of methane, the synthesis of water from hydrogen and oxygen, and the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

• Chemical equations are used to represent...read more

Polymer chain breakdown occurs through processes like thermal degradation, photo-oxidation, and mechanical degradation.

• Thermal degradation: Polymer chains break down due to exposure to high temperatures, leading to chain scission and formation of smaller molecules.

• Photo-oxidation: Polymer chains degrade when exposed to light and oxygen, causing chain scission and formation of carbonyl groups.

• Mechanical degradation: Polymer chains can break down due to mechanical stress, such ...read more

Taxonomy is the science of classification, categorization, and naming of organisms based on their characteristics.

• Taxonomy is a branch of biology that deals with the identification, classification, and naming of organisms.

• It involves organizing organisms into hierarchical groups based on their similarities and differences.

• Taxonomy helps in understanding the relationships between different species and their evolutionary history.

• The classification system in taxonomy includes va...read more

Functional group, compound structure, name, and molecular weight are key aspects of organic chemistry.

• Functional group: Determines the chemical properties of a compound.

• Compound structure: Shows how atoms are arranged in a molecule.

• Name: Identifies the compound based on its structure and functional groups.

• Molecular weight: Sum of the atomic weights of all atoms in a molecule.

Chemistry teaches us about the composition, structure, properties, and changes of matter.

• Understanding the fundamental principles of chemistry helps in predicting how substances will interact with each other.

• Chemistry provides insights into the behavior of atoms and molecules, leading to the development of new materials and technologies.

• Knowledge of chemistry is essential in fields such as medicine, environmental science, and engineering.

• Chemistry helps in understanding the n...read more

The limit of hardness in the outlet of waste water depends on the regulatory standards and the intended use of the water.

• The limit of hardness is usually expressed in terms of milligrams per liter (mg/L) of calcium carbonate.

• Regulatory standards vary by country and region.

• The intended use of the water also affects the limit of hardness. For example, water used for irrigation may have a higher limit than water used for drinking.

• The limit of hardness can be controlled through v...read more

Organic chemistry Name reaction

• A chemical reaction named after a person or a group of people who discovered or developed it

• Examples include Grignard reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, and Diels-Alder reaction

• Name reactions are widely used in organic chemistry and are important for understanding reaction mechanisms

Crystallization is the process of forming solid crystals from a solution, melt, or gas.

• Crystals are formed when atoms, ions, or molecules arrange themselves in a highly ordered, repeating pattern.

• It involves the separation of a solid substance from a liquid solution.

• Common examples include the formation of salt crystals from seawater and sugar crystals from a sugar solution.

Chromatographic separation method is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of chemicals based on their different properties.

• Chromatography involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase

• Different compounds in the mixture interact differently with the stationary phase, leading to separation

• Examples include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography

Polymer preparation involves polymerization of monomers to form long chains of repeating units.

• Polymerization is the process of combining monomers to form polymers

• Monomers can be combined through addition, condensation, or ring-opening polymerization

• Examples include the polymerization of ethylene to form polyethylene and the condensation polymerization of nylon

COD stands for Chemical Oxygen Demand, which is a measure of the amount of organic matter in water.

• COD is a water quality parameter used to determine the amount of organic pollutants in water.

• It measures the amount of oxygen required to oxidize the organic matter in water.

• COD is often used as an indicator of water pollution and the effectiveness of wastewater treatment.

• High COD levels can indicate the presence of harmful pollutants such as pesticides, industrial chemicals, an...read more

Distillation is a process of separating components of a liquid mixture based on differences in boiling points.

• Distillation involves heating a liquid mixture to create vapor, then cooling the vapor to condense it back into liquid form.

• The components with lower boiling points will vaporize first and be collected, while the components with higher boiling points remain in liquid form.

• Common examples of distillation include the production of alcoholic beverages, purification of wa...read more

The mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the number of moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation.

• Identify the balanced chemical equation

• Determine the number of moles of each substance

• Divide the number of moles of one substance by the number of moles of another substance

• The resulting ratio is the mole ratio

The limit of hardness is 300ppm in water.

• Hardness refers to the amount of dissolved minerals in water.

• The limit of 300ppm is set to ensure the water is safe for consumption and does not cause damage to pipes and appliances.

• Common minerals that contribute to hardness include calcium and magnesium.

• Water softeners can be used to reduce hardness levels.

• Testing for hardness can be done using a water testing kit or by sending a sample to a laboratory.

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

• pH stands for 'potential of hydrogen'.

• It is a logarithmic scale ranging from 0 to 14.

• A pH value of 7 is considered neutral.

• Values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity.

• Each unit change in pH represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity.

• For example, a solution with a pH of 3 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH of 4.

• pH is measured using pH indicators or pH meters.