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10+ Senior Software Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 16 Dec 2024

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Q1. Design bookmyshow like application. how will you handle the scenario if two people try to book the same seat at the same time?

Ans.

Implement a system to prevent double booking of the same seat in a bookmyshow-like application.

  • Implement a locking mechanism to prevent simultaneous booking of the same seat by two users.

  • Use a transactional approach to ensure atomicity of seat booking process.

  • Display real-time seat availability to users to avoid conflicts.

  • Notify users if the seat they are trying to book is no longer available.

  • Implement a queue system to handle simultaneous booking requests for the same seat.

Q2. Explain each concept with real life example?

Ans.

Explanation of concepts with real-life examples

  • Abstraction: Using a TV remote without knowing the internal circuitry

  • Encapsulation: A car driver only needs to know how to drive, not how the engine works

  • Inheritance: A child inheriting traits from their parents

  • Polymorphism: A shape can take on different forms, such as a square or a triangle

Q3. What is Service Registry, Hibernate, Microservices pattern

Ans.

Service Registry is a centralized directory for managing information about services. Hibernate is an ORM tool for Java. Microservices pattern is an architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services.

  • Service Registry is used for service discovery, load balancing, and failover in microservices architecture.

  • Hibernate is an ORM tool that maps Java objects to database tables and vice versa, simplifying database interactions.

  • Microservices...read more

Q4. What are Solid Principle?

Ans.

SOLID principles are a set of five design principles for writing maintainable and scalable software.

  • S - Single Responsibility Principle

  • O - Open/Closed Principle

  • L - Liskov Substitution Principle

  • I - Interface Segregation Principle

  • D - Dependency Inversion Principle

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Q5. Difference between Sync and Async?

Ans.

Sync is blocking, while Async is non-blocking.

  • Sync operations block the execution of the program until the operation is completed.

  • Async operations allow the program to continue executing while the operation is being completed in the background.

  • Sync operations are simpler to implement and reason about, but can lead to performance issues.

  • Async operations require more complex code, but can improve performance and responsiveness.

  • Examples of Sync operations include reading a file ...read more

Q6. completely remove repeated letters from a given string

Ans.

Remove repeated letters from a given string

  • Iterate through the string and keep track of seen letters

  • Use a set to store unique letters and build the result string

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Q7. How to implement caching in web apis

Ans.

Caching in web APIs improves performance by storing frequently accessed data

  • Use in-memory caching for fast access to data

  • Implement output caching to store responses for future requests

  • Consider using distributed caching for scalability

  • Set appropriate cache expiration policies to ensure data freshness

Q8. Explain about MVC Routing?

Ans.

MVC Routing is a mechanism to map incoming requests to specific controller actions.

  • Routing is used to define URL patterns and map them to specific actions in the controller.

  • It helps to create clean and SEO-friendly URLs.

  • Routing can also be used to pass parameters to the controller action.

  • MVC Routing is a part of the ASP.NET framework.

  • Example: RouteConfig.cs file in ASP.NET MVC application defines the routing rules.

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Q9. what are the hooks in angular

Ans.

Hooks in Angular are functions that allow developers to execute code at specific points in the component's lifecycle.

  • Hooks are used to perform tasks like initialization, change detection, and destruction in Angular components.

  • Examples of hooks in Angular include ngOnInit, ngOnChanges, ngOnDestroy, etc.

Q10. Polymorphism real life example

Ans.

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms. A real-life example is a vehicle.

  • Polymorphism allows a vehicle object to take on different forms such as car, truck, or motorcycle

  • Each form has its own unique properties and methods, but they all share common characteristics such as having wheels and an engine

  • Polymorphism allows for more efficient and flexible code as it allows for the use of a single class to represent multiple objects

Q11. Disadvantage of repository pattern

Ans.

One disadvantage of the repository pattern is the potential for over-abstraction and complexity.

  • Can lead to unnecessary complexity in simple applications

  • May result in additional overhead and performance issues

  • Difficult to implement complex queries efficiently

  • Can lead to code duplication if not properly managed

Q12. Client project requirements

Ans.

Client project requirements are the specifications and expectations of the project from the client's perspective.

  • Understanding the client's business needs and goals

  • Identifying the scope of the project

  • Defining the project timeline and budget

  • Determining the project deliverables and milestones

  • Ensuring clear communication with the client throughout the project

Q13. what is event loop

Ans.

Event loop is a mechanism in programming that allows for asynchronous execution of code by continuously checking for and handling events.

  • Event loop is commonly used in JavaScript to handle asynchronous operations.

  • It allows for non-blocking I/O operations by delegating tasks to the operating system.

  • Event loop processes events in a queue and executes associated callback functions.

  • Example: In Node.js, the event loop allows for handling multiple requests concurrently without bloc...read more

Q14. what is hoisting

Ans.

Hoisting is a JavaScript mechanism where variable and function declarations are moved to the top of their containing scope during the compilation phase.

  • Variable and function declarations are hoisted to the top of their scope.

  • Only declarations are hoisted, not initializations.

  • Function declarations take precedence over variable declarations.

  • Hoisting can lead to unexpected behavior if not understood properly.

Frequently asked in,

Q15. Anagrams program.

Ans.

An anagrams program checks if two strings are anagrams of each other.

  • Create a function that takes in two strings as input

  • Remove any spaces and punctuation from the strings

  • Convert both strings to lowercase for case-insensitive comparison

  • Sort the characters in both strings

  • Check if the sorted strings are equal to determine if they are anagrams

Q16. OPPS IN C# ?

Ans.

Object-oriented programming principles in C# include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

  • Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

  • Inheritance: Allowing a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

  • Polymorphism: Allowing objects to be treated as instances of their parent class.

  • Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features.

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