Security Analyst Intern Interview Questions and Answers

One way to find the IP address of a website is by using the nslookup command in the command prompt.

• Open the command prompt on your computer

• Type 'nslookup' followed by the website URL (e.g. nslookup www.google.com)

• The IP address of the website will be displayed in the 'Address' section

The * on the tracert command indicates a timeout for a particular hop in the network path.

• The * symbol is displayed when a particular hop in the network path does not respond within the specified time limit.

• This could be due to network congestion, firewall blocking ICMP packets, or the target host being offline.

• The tracert command sends ICMP packets to each router in the path to a destination, and if a router does not respond within the timeout period, the * symbol is display...read more

Encoding, hashing, and encryption are methods used to protect data by transforming it into a different format.

• Encoding is the process of converting data into a different format using a scheme that is publicly available. Example: Base64 encoding.

• Hashing is the process of converting data into a fixed-size string of characters using a mathematical algorithm. Example: SHA-256 hashing.

• Encryption is the process of converting data into a ciphertext using a key, making it unreadable ...read more

Call by value passes a copy of the actual parameter, while Call by reference passes the address of the actual parameter.

• In Call by value, changes made to the formal parameter do not affect the actual parameter.

• In Call by reference, changes made to the formal parameter affect the actual parameter.

• Example for Call by value: void swap(int x, int y) { int temp = x; x = y; y = temp; }

• Example for Call by reference: void swap(int &x, int &y) { int temp = x; x = y; y = temp; }

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• Layer 1 - Physical layer: Deals with physical connections and transmission of raw data over a physical medium (e.g. cables)

• Layer 2 - Data Link layer: Responsible for node-to-node communication, error detection, and flow control (e.g. Ethernet switches)

• Layer 3 - Network layer: Manages routing of data packets between different networks (e.g. route...read more

nmap is a powerful network scanning tool used for discovering hosts and services on a network.

• nmap -h: Display a brief help message

• nmap -H: Display a detailed help message

• nmap --help: Display all available options and usage information

Nmap is a powerful network scanning tool used to discover hosts and services on a network.

• Use 'nmap -sP <target>' to perform a ping scan to check which hosts are online

• Use 'nmap -sS <target>' to perform a TCP SYN scan to identify open ports

• Use 'nmap -A <target>' to enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute

• Use 'nmap -O <target>' to perform OS detection on the target host