60+ QC Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Heat exchanger and pressure vessel are mechanical equipment used in various industries for heat transfer and pressure containment.

• Heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids of different temperatures.

• Pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.

• The function of heat exchanger is to transfer heat from one fluid to another, while pressure vessel is used to store or...read more

Different types of sand zones are used in construction work depending on their properties.

• Coarse sand is used for concrete and masonry work.

• Fine sand is used for plastering and finishing work.

• Pit sand is used for filling and leveling.

• River sand is used for construction of dams and bridges.

• Sea sand should not be used in construction due to its high salt content.

M.D.D. and O.M.C. are important parameters for W.M.M. and G.S.B.

• M.D.D. stands for Maximum Dry Density, which is the maximum density that can be achieved for a given soil at a specific moisture content.

• O.M.C. stands for Optimum Moisture Content, which is the moisture content at which the maximum dry density can be achieved.

• W.M.M. stands for Wet Mix Macadam, which is a type of road construction material made by mixing aggregates, water, and a binding agent.

• G.S.B. stands for Gra...read more

Liquid limit should not exceed 40% and Plasticity Index should not exceed 20% for earth work in embankment/subgrade soil.

• Liquid limit and Plasticity Index are important parameters to determine the suitability of soil for construction purposes.

• Higher values of Liquid limit and Plasticity Index indicate that the soil is more susceptible to deformation and settlement.

• For earth work in embankment/subgrade soil, the maximum allowable Liquid limit is 40% and Plasticity Index is 20%...read more

Molybdenum's role in 304, 316, 309 dissimilar jobs, PWHT for stress relief, ASME Sec 8, 9, 2.5, B31.3

• Molybdenum improves corrosion resistance in stainless steel

• 304 contains 8-10.5% nickel and 18-20% chromium, while 316 contains 10-14% nickel and 16-18% chromium

• 309 is used for dissimilar welding of stainless steel to carbon or low-alloy steel

• PWHT is used to relieve residual stresses in welded components

• ASME Sec 8, 9, 2.5, B31.3 are codes and standards for pressure vessels and ...read more

Various video standards used around the world include NTSC, PAL, SECAM, and ATSC.

• NTSC is used in North America, Japan, and parts of South America.

• PAL is used in Europe, Australia, and parts of Asia and Africa.

• SECAM is used in France, Russia, and parts of Africa and Asia.

• ATSC is used in North America for digital television broadcasting.

The least count of a Vernier caliper and a micrometer is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count of a Vernier caliper is typically 0.02 mm or 0.001 inch.

• The least count of a micrometer is typically 0.01 mm or 0.001 inch.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the main scale and the Vernier scale.

• For example, if the main scale has 10 divisions and the Vernier scale has 9 divisions, the least count would be 0.1 mm divided by 9,...read more

Testing for materials like concrete, cement, and soil involves various methods and techniques.

• For concrete, tests like compressive strength, slump test, and air content test can be conducted.

• For cement, tests like fineness, soundness, and setting time can be conducted.

• For soil, tests like sieve analysis, moisture content, and compaction test can be conducted.

• Testing should be done according to relevant standards and specifications.

• Proper sampling and preparation of specimens ...read more

Various audio & video formats include MP3, WAV, AVI, MP4, FLV, WMV, MOV, and more.

• Audio formats: MP3, WAV, AAC, WMA, FLAC, OGG

• Video formats: AVI, MP4, FLV, WMV, MOV, MKV

• Container formats: MPEG-4, QuickTime, Matroska

• Lossless formats: FLAC, ALAC, WAV

• Streaming formats: HLS, MPEG-DASH

• Codecs: H.264, H.265, VP9

The IS code followed for testing of fasteners is IS 1608:2005.

• IS 1608:2005 is the Indian Standard code for testing of fasteners.

• It provides guidelines for testing the mechanical properties of fasteners such as bolts, screws, nuts, and washers.

• The code covers various tests including tensile strength, proof load, hardness, torque, and fatigue strength.

• These tests ensure that fasteners meet the required quality standards and can withstand the intended loads and conditions.

• Compli...read more

The acceptance tolerance of pump alignment refers to the allowable deviation from the ideal alignment.

• Acceptance tolerance is determined by industry standards and specifications.

• It varies depending on the type of pump and its application.

• Tolerance can be specified in terms of angular misalignment, parallel offset, and axial displacement.

• For example, ANSI/HI 9.6.4 standard specifies a maximum angular misalignment tolerance of 0.1 degrees for centrifugal pumps.

• Tolerance limits ...read more

Explanation of differences between ss304, 316, 309 materials and the purpose of PWHT in regards to codes.

• SS304 is a basic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, SS316 has higher corrosion resistance and is often used in marine environments, SS309 is used for high-temperature applications

• PWHT (Post Weld Heat Treatment) is used to relieve residual stresses and improve material properties after welding

• Codes such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code require specific P...read more

Electro rod backing is a process used in welding to provide support and stability to the electrode rod during the welding process.

• Electro rod backing is used to prevent the electrode rod from bending or sagging during welding.

• It involves attaching a backing material to the electrode rod to provide support.

• The backing material can be made of copper, aluminum, or other heat-resistant materials.

• The backing material is typically shaped to match the contour of the joint being weld...read more

The invention of the motor revolutionized the industrial world by providing a reliable source of mechanical power.

• The first electric motor was invented by Michael Faraday in 1821.

• Motors work by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of magnetic fields.

• There are various types of motors such as DC motors, AC motors, and stepper motors.

• Motors are used in a wide range of applications including industrial machinery, household appliances, and el...read more

Rotomoulding is a manufacturing process where a hollow object is produced by heating and rotating a plastic material in a mould.

• Plastic material is heated in a mould while being rotated on two perpendicular axes

• The mould is cooled to solidify the plastic material into the desired shape

• The process is used to create large, hollow objects such as tanks, containers, and playground equipment

Hardness is the ability of a material to resist indentation, while toughness is the ability to absorb energy without fracturing.

• Hardness is measured by the Mohs scale for minerals and the Brinell or Rockwell scale for metals.

• Toughness is measured by the Charpy or Izod impact test.

• A diamond is a very hard material, but not tough as it can shatter easily.

• Rubber is not hard, but it is tough as it can absorb a lot of energy without breaking.

DPT stands for Dye Penetrant Testing. It is used to detect surface defects in non-porous materials.

• Ensure the surface is clean and dry before applying the dye penetrant.

• Apply the dye penetrant evenly and allow it to dwell for the specified time.

• Remove excess penetrant and apply developer to draw out any defects.

• Inspect the surface under appropriate lighting conditions for indications of defects.

• Evaluate the indications based on the acceptance criteria.

Carbon equivalent (CE) is a measure used in metallurgy to assess the weldability and hardenability of steel.

• Carbon equivalent is calculated based on the carbon content and other alloying elements in the steel.

• It helps determine the potential for cracking and the heat treatment required for the steel.

• A higher carbon equivalent indicates a higher risk of cracking during welding.

• CE values are commonly used in the oil and gas industry to select appropriate materials for pipelines...read more

Methods used to create WPS

• Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) can be created using various methods.

• One common method is to follow the guidelines provided by welding codes and standards such as AWS D1.1 or ASME Section IX.

• Another method is to conduct welding procedure qualification tests to determine the parameters for the WPS.

• WPS can also be created by referencing existing qualified procedures and making necessary modifications.

• It is important to consider factors like base ...read more

Audio codecs are software or hardware that compress and decompress digital audio data for transmission or storage.

• Some popular audio codecs include MP3, AAC, WMA, FLAC, and Ogg Vorbis.

• Lossy codecs like MP3 and AAC discard some audio data to achieve smaller file sizes.

• Lossless codecs like FLAC and ALAC retain all audio data but result in larger file sizes.

• Some codecs are proprietary, like WMA and Apple's ALAC, while others are open source, like Ogg Vorbis and Opus.

• Different co...read more

DPT Accepting Criteria refers to the set of conditions that a product or system must meet in order to be accepted for use or release.

• DPT Accepting Criteria are the requirements that a product or system must fulfill to be considered acceptable.

• These criteria are typically defined by the quality control (QC) team or the customer.

• They may include factors such as functionality, performance, reliability, safety, and compliance with standards.

• For example, a software application may...read more

The density of cement is a measure of its mass per unit volume.

• Density is typically expressed in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

• The density of cement can vary depending on factors such as the type of cement and its composition.

• For example, the density of ordinary Portland cement is around 1440 kg/m³.

• The density of cement is an important parameter in construction and engineering as it affects the strength and durability of concrete.

• Density can be determined through laborato...read more

The number of tests for soil material samples varies depending on the specific requirements and standards.

• The number of tests for soil material samples can range from a few basic tests to more comprehensive testing depending on the project requirements.

• Common tests for soil material samples include moisture content, particle size distribution, compaction, and strength tests.

• The number of tests may also depend on the type of soil being tested, such as clay, sand, or gravel.

• Add...read more

AIV test stands for Acceptance Inward Verification test.

• AIV test is performed to verify the quality and functionality of incoming materials or components.

• It ensures that the received materials meet the specified requirements and standards.

• The test may involve visual inspection, measurements, functional testing, or other relevant checks.

• AIV test helps in preventing the use of defective or substandard materials in production.

• It is an essential part of quality control to maintai...read more

QC focuses on identifying defects in the product, while QA focuses on preventing defects from occurring.

• QC stands for Quality Control, while QA stands for Quality Assurance.

• QC involves testing and inspecting the product to identify defects and ensure it meets the required standards.

• QA involves the entire process of preventing defects, including planning, designing, implementing, and monitoring quality systems.

• QC is reactive and occurs after the product is developed, while QA ...read more

The rate of loading for flexural testing machine for PQC beam should be as per relevant standards and specifications.

• Rate of loading should be as per relevant standards such as ASTM C78/C78M for flexural testing of concrete beams

• Typically, the rate of loading is around 0.05 to 0.1 MPa per second for PQC beams

• The rate of loading should be uniform and controlled throughout the test to ensure accurate results

Concrete mix design is the process of determining the proportions of cement, water, aggregates, and admixtures to produce concrete with desired properties.

• Concrete mix design involves selecting the appropriate materials and determining their proportions to achieve the desired strength, workability, and durability of the concrete.

• Factors such as the type of cement, aggregate gradation, water-cement ratio, and admixtures are considered in the mix design process.

• The mix design i...read more

Flexural load test is a test to determine the strength of a material under bending loads.

• It involves applying a load to a beam or other structural element until it fails.

• The test is commonly used in construction and engineering to determine the strength of materials such as concrete, steel, and wood.

• The results of the test can be used to design structures that can withstand the expected loads and stresses.

• The test can also be used to evaluate the quality of materials and to i...read more

C.B.R. value depends on various factors.

• Type of soil

• Moisture content

• Compaction effort

• Penetration depth

• Testing method

Minimum grade of concrete in severe condition is typically M40 or higher.

• Minimum grade of concrete in severe condition is usually M40 or higher

• Higher grade concrete such as M50 or M60 may be used for critical structures in severe conditions

• Severe conditions include exposure to aggressive chemicals, extreme weather, high traffic areas, etc.

Different types of inspection in QC include visual inspection, dimensional inspection, functional inspection, and destructive testing.

• Visual inspection involves examining the product for any visible defects or abnormalities.

• Dimensional inspection involves measuring the product to ensure it meets the required specifications.

• Functional inspection involves testing the product to ensure it performs its intended function.

• Destructive testing involves intentionally damaging the prod...read more

The motor working process involves converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to produce motion.

• Electricity is supplied to the motor through wires or cables.

• The electricity creates a magnetic field which interacts with the motor's coils.

• This interaction causes the motor's rotor to spin, generating mechanical energy.

• The mechanical energy is used to drive the motor's output shaft, producing motion.

• Different types of motors (e.g. DC motors, AC motors) have variations in...read more

IPQC tests are In-Process Quality Control tests conducted during the manufacturing process.

• IPQC tests are conducted to ensure that the manufacturing process is consistent and the product meets the required quality standards.

• These tests are conducted at various stages of the manufacturing process, such as during raw material inspection, production, and packaging.

• Examples of IPQC tests include visual inspection, dimensional checks, functional tests, and chemical analysis.

• IPQC t...read more

The 20mm nominal size refers to the designated size of a component or object.

• Nominal size is a standard size used for identification and classification purposes.

• In this case, the 20mm nominal size indicates that the component or object is intended to have a size of 20mm.

• It is important to note that the actual size may vary slightly due to manufacturing tolerances.

• The nominal size helps in ensuring compatibility and interchangeability of components in various systems.

• For examp...read more

DLC density refers to the density of diamond-like carbon coating on a surface.

• DLC density is a measure of the amount of diamond-like carbon coating on a surface.

• It is typically measured in terms of thickness or mass per unit area.

• DLC coatings are often used to improve the hardness, wear resistance, and friction properties of surfaces.

• Examples of applications include automotive components, medical implants, and cutting tools.

There are various types of welding positions, including flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead positions.

• Flat position: Welding is performed on a horizontal surface.

• Horizontal position: Welding is performed on a vertical surface with the weld axis in a horizontal plane.

• Vertical position: Welding is performed on a vertical surface with the weld axis in a vertical plane.

• Overhead position: Welding is performed on a surface above the welder's head.

Vernier caliper least count is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale of the caliper.

• The least count of a Vernier caliper is typically 0.02 mm or 0.001 inches.

• It is determined by dividing the smallest division on the main scale by the number of divisions on the Vernier scale.

• For example, if the smallest division on the main scale is 1 mm and there are 50 divisions on the Vernier scale, the least count would be 0.02 mm.

• The least count is important for accuratel...read more

Cube mould dimension refers to the size of the cube mould used in construction to test the compressive strength of concrete.

• Cube mould dimensions are typically specified in millimeters.

• The most common cube mould dimension is 150mm x 150mm x 150mm.

• Other cube mould dimensions include 100mm x 100mm x 100mm and 200mm x 200mm x 200mm.

• Cube moulds are made of steel or cast iron and have a removable base and lid.

• Accurate cube mould dimensions are important for ensuring reliable test ...read more

BMR stands for Batch Manufacturing Record, which is a document that contains all the information related to the production of a batch of a particular product.

• BMR is a crucial document in the manufacturing industry.

• It contains information about the raw materials used, equipment used, and the manufacturing process.

• BMR helps in ensuring consistency and quality of the product.

• It is also used for regulatory compliance and audit purposes.

• BMR is often reviewed and approved by qualit...read more

The minimum grade of concrete refers to the lowest strength that concrete can achieve.

• The minimum grade of concrete is determined by the project requirements and specifications.

• Concrete grades are denoted by a number followed by 'M' which represents the compressive strength in megapascals (MPa).

• Common minimum grades of concrete include M5, M10, and M15.

• For example, M5 concrete has a minimum compressive strength of 5 MPa.

• The minimum grade of concrete is important to ensure the...read more

The IS code for soil is IS 2720.

• IS 2720 is the Indian Standard code for soil testing.

• It provides guidelines for various tests to be conducted on soil.

• The tests include determination of moisture content, specific gravity, and particle size distribution.

• The code also covers tests for shear strength, compressibility, and permeability of soil.

• IS 2720 is regularly updated to incorporate new testing methods and standards.

Micrometer least count formula is the smallest measurement that can be read on a micrometer.

• The formula is: Least count = Pitch / Number of divisions on the circular scale

• Pitch is the distance between two consecutive threads on the spindle

• Number of divisions on the circular scale is the number of equally spaced divisions on the thimble

• For example, if the pitch is 0.5 mm and the number of divisions on the circular scale is 50, then the least count would be 0.01 mm

Normal consistency test of cement determines the amount of water required to produce a cement paste of standard consistency.

• The test involves mixing cement with water to form a paste of standard consistency.

• The consistency is determined by the Vicat apparatus, measuring the depth of penetration of a plunger.

• The amount of water added to achieve standard consistency is recorded.

• The test helps in assessing the quality and setting characteristics of the cement.

• Example: If 30% wat...read more

Water absorption of aggregate is a crucial factor in determining the quality and durability of concrete.

• Water absorption of aggregate is typically measured by soaking the aggregate in water for a specific period of time and then determining the weight difference before and after soaking.

• Lower water absorption indicates higher quality aggregate as it means less water will be absorbed into the aggregate during concrete mixing.

• High water absorption can lead to lower concrete str...read more

MSA stands for Measurement System Analysis. It is a statistical method used to determine the variation in measurement data.

• MSA is used to evaluate the accuracy and precision of a measurement system.

• It helps to identify the sources of variation in the measurement process.

• MSA is important in quality control to ensure that the measurement system is reliable and consistent.

• Examples of measurement systems include scales, gauges, and thermometers.

• MSA involves statistical tools such...read more

Kaizen is a Japanese term for continuous improvement.

• Kaizen involves making small, incremental changes to improve processes and increase efficiency.

• It is a key principle of Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies.

• Kaizen encourages employee involvement and empowerment in the improvement process.

• Examples of Kaizen include implementing a new tool or technology, reorganizing workspaces, or streamlining a process.

• Kaizen is a never-ending process that aims to constantly impr...read more

M20 grade compressive strength is a measure of the maximum load a concrete specimen can bear.

• M20 grade concrete has a compressive strength of 20 megapascals (MPa).

• It is commonly used in residential and commercial construction for foundations, beams, and slabs.

• The compressive strength is determined by testing concrete cubes or cylinders at a specific age, usually 28 days.

• The strength can be influenced by factors such as the water-cement ratio, curing conditions, and aggregate ...read more