90+ Graduate Trainee Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

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Answers to technical questions related to cloud computing, programming, and software development.

• Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet.

• There are three types of clouds: public, private, and hybrid.

• Virtualization is the creation of a virtual version of something, such as an operating system, server, storage device, or network resource.

• SaaS (Software as a Service) provides software applications over the internet, while PaaS (Platform as a Servic...read more

To make 720 with 6 zeroes, multiply 6! by 1000.

• Calculate the factorial of 6 (6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 720)

• Multiply the result by 1000 (720 x 1000 = 720000)

• Alternatively, add three zeroes to the end of 720 (720000 = 720000)

An airplane flies by generating lift through its wings and using engines to propel it forward.

• Airplane wings are designed to create lift by creating a difference in air pressure above and below the wing.

• The engines provide the necessary thrust to move the airplane forward and maintain its speed.

• The pilot controls the airplane's altitude and direction by adjusting the angle of the wings and the amount of thrust from the engines.

• The airplane's weight and the air resistance it e...read more

A data-table is a way to organize data in rows and columns. Data can be retrieved using SQL queries or programming languages.

• Data-table is a structured way to store data in rows and columns.

• Data can be retrieved using SQL queries like SELECT * FROM table_name.

• Data can also be retrieved using programming languages like Python or Java.

• After retrieving data, it is typically stored in memory for processing or analysis.

Merge sort and selection sort are both sorting algorithms, but they differ in their approach and efficiency. Merge sort is a divide-and-conquer algorithm with a time complexity of O(n log n).

• Merge sort divides the array into two halves, sorts each half recursively, and then merges the sorted halves back together.

• Selection sort selects the smallest element from the unsorted portion of the array and swaps it with the first unsorted element.

• Merge sort has a time complexity of O(...read more

Questions related to data structures, memory management, programming languages, and computer architecture.

• Linked list is a dynamic data structure while array is a static data structure.

• Union is a data type that allows storing different data types in the same memory location as opposed to array which stores elements of the same data type.

• Prime numbers are numbers that are only divisible by 1 and themselves.

• Memory segment refers to a portion of the computer's memory that is all...read more

My BTP focused on developing a machine learning algorithm for predicting stock prices.

• The algorithm can be used by financial institutions for making investment decisions.

• It can also be used by individual investors for making informed decisions.

• The algorithm can be further improved and applied to other financial markets.

• The project can be presented at conferences and published in academic journals.

• The skills and knowledge gained during the project can be applied to other data-...read more

Types of pumps include centrifugal, reciprocating, and rotary pumps. Heat exchangers transfer heat between two fluids. Material properties affect heat and mass transfer.

• Types of pumps: centrifugal, reciprocating, rotary

• Working of heat exchanger: transfers heat between two fluids

• Properties of material: affect heat and mass transfer

• Examples: stainless steel for heat exchangers, copper for pumps

Specific gravity of shampoo can be determined by comparing its density to the density of water.

• Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

• To determine shampoo specific gravity, measure the density of the shampoo and compare it to the density of water.

• Density can be measured using a hydrometer or a density meter.

• Specific gravity can also be calculated by dividing the density of the shampoo by the density of water.

• For exa...read more

Ternary operator is a shorthand for if-else statement in programming.

• Ternary operator is written as condition ? expression1 : expression2

• It is used to assign a value based on a condition in a more concise way

• If-else statement is written as if (condition) { expression1 } else { expression2 }

Program to print prime numbers in a given range

• Iterate through the range of numbers and check if each number is prime

• Use a nested loop to check for factors of each number

• Print the number if it has only 2 factors (1 and itself)

It is impossible to accurately guess the number of vehicles on Chennai roads between 5 to 6 without any data.

• The number of vehicles on the road can vary depending on the day, time, and weather conditions.

• Factors such as rush hour traffic, accidents, and road closures can also affect the number of vehicles on the road.

• Without any data or context, it is impossible to make an accurate guess.

• However, we can estimate based on previous data or conduct a survey to gather more inform...read more

Answers to questions related to concrete, pre-stress concrete, reinforcement, stress, youngs modulus, and test of aggregates.

• Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, and aggregates. Pre-stressed concrete is a type of concrete where internal stresses are introduced before loading to improve its strength.

• Reinforcement is the process of adding steel bars or mesh to concrete to improve its strength and durability.

• Stress is the force per unit area applied to a material. Young's modu...read more

I would design a smart home automation system that can be controlled through a mobile app.

• The system would include sensors to detect motion, temperature, and light levels.

• It would also have the ability to control appliances such as lights, fans, and air conditioners.

• The mobile app would allow users to set schedules, create custom scenes, and receive notifications.

• The system would be compatible with popular smart home platforms such as Amazon Alexa and Google Home.

• It would als...read more

Types of joins in SQL and definition of primary key and foreign key.

• Types of joins in SQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a table.

• Foreign key is a field in a table that refers to the primary key of another table.

• Joins are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

• Examples of joins include joining a customer table with an orders table based on a customer ID field.

• Anot...read more

OPM stands for Optimum Moisture Content. If moisture content in soil is 20%, it will be at its ideal level for compaction.

• OPM is the moisture content at which soil is most workable and compactable.

• At 20% moisture content, soil will be at its optimum level for compaction.

• Higher or lower moisture content can lead to poor compaction and stability issues.

Transmission companies transmit electricity from power plants to substations while distribution companies distribute electricity to end-users.

• Transmission companies operate high voltage power lines and transformers.

• Distribution companies operate low voltage power lines and transformers.

• Transmission companies transmit electricity over long distances while distribution companies distribute electricity over short distances.

• Transmission companies are responsible for maintaining t...read more

Program to calculate the sum of odd numbers from 0 to 100 in C.

• Initialize a variable to store the sum.

• Use a loop to iterate through numbers from 0 to 100.

• Check if the number is odd using the modulo operator.

• If the number is odd, add it to the sum variable.

• Print or return the sum.

The more finished manufacturing process is typically the one that requires less additional processing or finishing steps.

• Processes like injection molding or CNC machining are considered more finished as they produce final products with minimal additional steps.

• Processes like casting or forging may require additional finishing steps like machining or polishing to achieve the desired final product.

• The choice of manufacturing process depends on factors like cost, material proper...read more

My favorite topic in optics is the study of light-matter interactions.

• I am fascinated by how light interacts with different materials and how it can be manipulated to achieve specific outcomes.

• I am particularly interested in the field of photonics and how it is being used to develop new technologies such as optical computing and quantum communication.

• I enjoy learning about the different types of optical materials and how they can be used to create new devices and applications...read more

Types of pumps include centrifugal pumps, reciprocating pumps, and rotary pumps.

• Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force to move fluid through a rotating impeller.

• Reciprocating pumps use a piston or diaphragm to create pressure and move fluid.

• Rotary pumps use rotating mechanisms to transfer fluid, such as gear pumps and vane pumps.

The main objective of WBSETCL is to operate and maintain the power transmission system in West Bengal.

• To ensure uninterrupted power supply to the state of West Bengal

• To maintain and upgrade the power transmission infrastructure

• To promote renewable energy sources

• To ensure safety and reliability of the power transmission system

• To provide efficient and cost-effective power transmission services

Helical gears have teeth at an angle, while spur gears have straight teeth. Speed is the rate of motion, viscosity is resistance to flow. Speed is measured in RPM, viscosity in cSt. Crankshaft rotation angle varies. Motors can be AC or DC.

• Helical gears have teeth at an angle, providing smoother and quieter operation compared to spur gears with straight teeth.

• Speed is the rate of motion of an object, while viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to flow.

• Speed is typically measu...read more

Contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. The Contract Act came into existence in 1872.

• A contract is an agreement enforceable by law.

• It can be written or verbal.

• It must have an offer, acceptance, consideration, and intention to create legal relations.

• Examples include employment contracts, rental agreements, and sales contracts.

• The Contract Act came into existence in India on 1st September 1872.

• It governs the formation and performance of contracts in...read more

Kadane's algorithm is used to find the maximum subarray sum in an array. Heap data structure is a binary tree-based data structure.

• Kadane's algorithm is used to find the maximum sum of a contiguous subarray within an array of numbers.

• Heap data structure is a binary tree-based data structure where the parent node is greater than or equal to its children.

• Example: In an array [1, -3, 4, -2, -1, 6], Kadane's algorithm would return 7 as the maximum subarray sum.

• Example: Heap data ...read more

Reducing component costs can be achieved through various strategies such as bulk purchasing, negotiating with suppliers, and redesigning products.

• Negotiate with suppliers for better pricing

• Explore bulk purchasing options for discounts

• Redesign products to use cheaper materials or components

• Consider outsourcing production to lower-cost regions

• Implement lean manufacturing practices to reduce waste and improve efficiency

A CNC machine is a computer-controlled machine tool used for cutting, shaping, and drilling various materials.

• CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control.

• CNC machines are used in various industries such as manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and woodworking.

• They can perform precise and complex operations with high accuracy and repeatability.

• Examples of CNC machines include CNC mills, lathes, routers, plasma cutters, and 3D printers.

• CNC machines are programmed using CAD/CAM so...read more

To install Unix on a PC, you need to create a bootable USB or CD and follow the installation process.

• Download the Unix distribution you want to install

• Create a bootable USB or CD using software like Rufus or UNetbootin

• Insert the bootable USB or CD into your PC and restart it

• Follow the installation process, selecting the appropriate options

• Once the installation is complete, you can boot into Unix by selecting it from the boot menu

The laws of thermodynamics describe the behavior of energy in physical systems.

• The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• The second law states that the total entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

• The third law states that as temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum.

• These laws have important applications in fields such as physics, chemistry, and engineering.

• For ex...read more

NPSH stands for Net Positive Suction Head. It is a measure of the pressure available at the suction side of a pump to prevent cavitation.

• NPSH is important in determining if a pump will operate properly without cavitation.

• It is calculated by subtracting the vapor pressure of the fluid from the total suction head.

• A low NPSH value can lead to cavitation, which can damage the pump and decrease its efficiency.

• NPSH is typically provided by the system design and must be greater than...read more

The carburetor is a device that mixes air and fuel in the correct ratio for combustion in an internal combustion engine.

• The carburetor controls the flow of air and fuel into the engine.

• It atomizes the fuel into tiny droplets and mixes it with the incoming air.

• The mixture is then delivered to the combustion chamber for ignition.

• Carburetors were commonly used in older vehicles, but have been largely replaced by fuel injection systems.

• Examples of carbureted engines include small...read more

C programming has a structured approach with functions, variables, and control structures.

• C programs are divided into functions that perform specific tasks.

• Variables are declared and defined within the functions.

• Control structures like if-else, loops, and switch-case are used to control the flow of the program.

• Functions can be called from other functions to reuse code.

• C programs have a main() function that is the entry point of the program.

I chose mechanical engineering because of my passion for designing and building machines that improve people's lives.

• Fascination with how things work and desire to create innovative solutions

• Interest in applying principles of physics and mathematics to real-world problems

• Opportunities to work in diverse industries such as automotive, aerospace, and robotics

• Ability to contribute to sustainable development through energy-efficient designs

The grade of steel used in the steel depends on its intended application and properties.

• Different grades of steel have different chemical compositions and mechanical properties.

• Common grades of steel include A36, A572, and A514.

• The grade of steel is often specified by a combination of letters and numbers, indicating its composition and strength.

• For example, grade A36 steel is commonly used in construction due to its high strength and ductility.

• Grade A514 steel is known for it...read more

A circuit breaker is an electrical switch that automatically interrupts the flow of current when there is an overload or short circuit.

• It is a safety device that protects electrical circuits from damage caused by excess current.

• It works by detecting when the current exceeds a certain level and then quickly opening the circuit to stop the flow of electricity.

• Once the fault has been corrected, the circuit breaker can be reset to resume normal operation.

• Examples of circuit break...read more

Drilling is the process of creating a hole using a rotating cutting tool, while boring is the process of enlarging an existing hole.

• Drilling is typically used to create holes in materials, while boring is used to enlarge existing holes.

• Drilling is usually done with a drill bit, while boring is done with a boring tool.

• Drilling is often used in construction and manufacturing, while boring is commonly used in machining processes.

• Examples: Drilling a hole in wood with a drill mac...read more

Isometric and orthogonal representations are two different ways to depict objects in engineering and design.

• Isometric representation shows objects in a 3D perspective with all three dimensions equally foreshortened.

• Orthogonal representation shows objects in a 2D format with each dimension shown separately and to scale.

• Isometric drawings are often used in technical drawings to show a 3D view of an object, while orthogonal drawings are used for more precise measurements and dim...read more

A man can lift a car by using a car jack or by having multiple people help lift it together.

• Use a car jack to lift the car off the ground

• Have multiple people help lift the car together

• Utilize leverage by lifting from a strong point on the car, such as the frame or bumper

The M20 grade ratio refers to the mix ratio of cement, sand, and aggregate used in concrete construction.

• The M20 grade ratio is commonly used in general construction projects.

• The ratio for M20 grade concrete is 1:1.5:3, which means 1 part cement, 1.5 parts sand, and 3 parts aggregate by volume.

• For example, if you need to make 1 cubic meter of M20 grade concrete, you would need 1/5 cubic meter of cement, 1.5/5 cubic meter of sand, and 3/5 cubic meter of aggregate.

A cantilever beam is a type of beam that is supported at only one end and carries a load at the other end.

• It is commonly used in construction and engineering projects.

• The beam is fixed at one end and free at the other end.

• The load is applied at the free end of the beam.

• Examples include diving boards, balconies, and bridges.

• The beam experiences bending stress and deflection due to the load.

• The design of the beam depends on the material used, the load it will carry, and the len...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a single function or method to operate on different types of data.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time (method overloading) and runtime (method overriding).

• Example: Inheritance in object-oriented programming languages like Java allows for polymorphism.

• Example: A method 'draw()' can be implemented differently in various subclasses of a 'S...read more