Control & Instrumentation Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

There are several types of water pumps used for different applications.

• Centrifugal pumps

• Submersible pumps

• Reciprocating pumps

• Diaphragm pumps

• Jet pumps

• Gear pumps

• Screw pumps

• Vane pumps

• Axial flow pumps

• Mixed flow pumps

PID loop is a control system feedback mechanism used in industrial processes to maintain desired setpoints.

• PID stands for Proportional, Integral, Derivative

• Proportional term responds to the current error

• Integral term corrects past errors

• Derivative term predicts future errors

• PID controller continuously calculates an error value as the difference between a desired setpoint and a measured process variable

• Example: PID loop in a temperature control system adjusts the heater output...read more

Instruments used in control and instrumentation include sensors, transmitters, controllers, and actuators.

• Sensors: devices that detect changes in physical properties and convert them into electrical signals (e.g. temperature sensors, pressure sensors)

• Transmitters: devices that send signals from sensors to controllers (e.g. signal transmitters)

• Controllers: devices that receive signals from sensors and transmitters to regulate processes (e.g. PID controllers)

• Actuators: devices ...read more