10+ Biology Subject Matter Expert Interview Questions and Answers

Haemoglobin is found in red blood cells and carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body, while myoglobin is found in muscles and stores oxygen for muscle use.

• Haemoglobin is found in red blood cells, while myoglobin is found in muscles.

• Haemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body, while myoglobin stores oxygen for muscle use.

• Haemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen compared to myoglobin.

• Haemoglobin consists of four protein subunits, while myo...read more

Evolution is the process of gradual change in the inherited traits of a population over successive generations.

• Convergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures.

• Divergent evolution is when a species diverges into two or more descendant species with different adaptations.

• Examples of convergent evolution include the wings of birds and bats, while an example of divergent evolution is the evolution of different species of ...read more

The most important hormone during child birth is oxytocin.

• Oxytocin is responsible for stimulating contractions of the uterus during labor.

• It also plays a role in bonding between mother and baby.

• Oxytocin is sometimes administered to induce or speed up labor.

• It is often referred to as the 'love hormone' due to its role in social bonding and maternal behavior.

Transpiration is the loss of water from the aerial parts of the plant, while guttation is the exudation of water from the tips of the leaves.

• Transpiration occurs through stomata, while guttation occurs through hydathodes.

• Transpiration occurs during the day, while guttation occurs at night.

• Transpiration is a passive process, while guttation is an active process.

• Transpiration helps in the absorption of minerals, while guttation helps in the removal of excess water.

• Examples of p...read more

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without a nucleus, while eukaryotes are organisms with cells that have a nucleus.

• Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have them.

• Prokaryotes include bacteria and archaea, while eukaryotes include plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

• Prokaryotes have circular DNA, while eukaryotes have linear DNA.

• Prokaryotes reproduce asexually, while eukaryotes can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

SER is smooth endoplasmic reticulum responsible for lipid metabolism and detoxification. Peptidoglycan is a polymer in bacterial cell walls.

• SER is a type of endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes on its surface

• It is involved in lipid metabolism, steroid synthesis, and detoxification processes

• Peptidoglycan is a polymer made of sugars and amino acids found in bacterial cell walls

• It provides structural support and protection to bacterial cells

Mitochondrial inheritance is the passing of genetic material through the mitochondria, which is inherited exclusively from the mother.

• Mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother, as the father's sperm does not contribute mitochondria to the embryo.

• Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can lead to various genetic disorders, such as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and mitochondrial myopathy.

• Mitochondrial inheritance can be traced through maternal lineage, making it useful ...read more

Founder effect is the reduced genetic diversity that results when a population is descended from a small number of colonizing ancestors.

• Occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population

• Genetic diversity is limited to the alleles present in the founders

• Can lead to increased frequency of certain genetic disorders

• Common in isolated populations like island communities

Incomplete dominance is a genetic concept where neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blending of traits.

• In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous genotype produces a phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes.

• For example, in snapdragons, red flowers (RR) crossed with white flowers (WW) result in pink flowers (RW).

• Incomplete dominance is different from co-dominance where both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype.

• It is imp...read more

Autonomic disorder is a condition that affects the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions.

• Autonomic disorders can affect various bodily functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and temperature regulation.

• Examples include orthostatic hypotension, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and autonomic neuropathy.

• Symptoms may include dizziness, fainting, irregular heartbeats, sweating abnormalities, and digestive issues.

Lac Oberon is a type of lacquer used in microscopy to mount specimens for observation under a microscope.

• Lac Oberon is a mounting medium used in microscopy to secure specimens on slides.

• It is often used in histology to prepare tissue samples for observation.

• Lac Oberon helps to preserve the specimen and provides a clear background for viewing under a microscope.

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.

• Cells are the building blocks of life.

• They are microscopic in nature and can only be seen under a microscope.

• Cells have different types and functions.

• The two main types of cells are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells, like bacteria, lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

• Eukaryotic cells, found in plants, animals, and fungi, have a nucleus and various organelles.

• Other types...read more

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.

• Cells are the building blocks of life

• There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic

• Prokaryotic cells, like bacteria, lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

• Eukaryotic cells, found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists, have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the body, responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP.

• Mitochondria are organelles found in most cells

• They are responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration

• ATP is the main source of energy for cellular processes

• Examples of cells with high mitochondrial activity include muscle cells and liver cells

Life science is the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment.

• Life science includes fields such as biology, ecology, genetics, and physiology.

• It explores the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of living organisms.

• Examples of life science research include studying the impact of climate change on ecosystems, genetic engineering in agriculture, and the development of new medical treatments.

• Life science pl...read more

Lysosomes are organelles containing digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

• Lysosomes help in the digestion of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.

• They play a crucial role in recycling cellular components through autophagy.

• Lysosomes are involved in the process of phagocytosis, where they digest engulfed particles such as bacteria or old organelles.

• Defects in lysosomal function can lead to lysosomal storage disorders like Ta...read more