Difference between various tolerances

Question

Accepted Answer

Tolerances refer to the allowable deviation from a specified dimension or value.

Geometric tolerance: specifies the allowable deviation in form, orientation, location, and runout of a feature
Dimensional tolerance: specifies the allowable deviation in size or distance
Surface texture tolerance: specifies the allowable deviation in surface roughness or waviness
Material property tolerance: specifies the allowable deviation in material properties such as hardness or strength
Functional tolerance: specifies the allowable deviation in a feature's performance or function
Example: A hole with a diameter of 10mm may have a dimensional tolerance of +/- 0.1mm
Example: A flatness tolerance of 0.05mm may be specified for a machined surface
Example: A material property tolerance of +/- 5% may be specified for a metal alloy
Example: A functional tolerance of +/- 2 degrees may be specified for the angle of a gear tooth

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