What types of defects occur in welding, and what are the acceptance criteria for common defects?

Question

Accepted Answer

Common welding defects include porosity, undercutting, and lack of fusion. Acceptance criteria vary based on the type of defect.

Porosity: voids or gas pockets in the weld. Acceptance criteria depend on the size and location of the porosity.
Undercutting: groove in the base metal near the weld. Acceptance criteria depend on the depth and length of the undercut.
Lack of fusion: incomplete bonding between the weld and base metal. Acceptance criteria depend on the size and location of the lack of fusion.
Other defects include cracks, incomplete penetration, and distortion.
Acceptance criteria are typically specified in industry standards or by the customer.
Defects that exceed acceptance criteria may require repair or rejection of the weld.

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