How do you test a web application? What is CSRF and SSRF? What is LDAP injection? How does namp work while port scanning? (Result - open/filtered/closed) How does ssl work? Suppose a proxy server(Burpsuite) is in b/w server and client so which certificate (server ssl or burpsuite ssl) client browser will validate? What is SQL injection, How do you check it? What is XSS and Difference between XSS and SQL Injection? How to check open ports in linux? DOM based XSS?? and difference between DOM based and Reflected XSS?? Session hijacking and Session fixation? How will you predict session ID of victim? What is HTTP method Trace? What is Null Byte? How will scan ports of a server if server is behind a firewall? Common Questions: Impact and mitigation of Owasp Top 10 Vulnerabilities How will you secure login page? Explain the PKI SSL certificates. Working of SSL in detail... Which key does the server contains in https SSL? Which key does the client carries? How does the client gets the key? Encryption algorithm selection during ssl handshake? Half open connection & Half closed connection ?? Mitigation of SQl and XSS What is your favourite vulnerabilities? Which tool do use for Web app testing? Metasploit - what types of payloads have u used? Nmap - How do u scan a network? Httponly & Secure flag? Use of Intruder in BurpSuite? Difference between Blind SQL Injection and SQL Injection. Difference between risk, vulnerability, and threat? Encryption Vs Hashing Vs Encoding Vs Masking Vs Tokenization What is Burpsuite? What are the different attacks that can be performed using Burpsuite? What are the different attacks that you have performed using Kali Linux? IDS vs IPS vs HIPS Vs Firewall What is the role of a secure attribute in a cookie? Cookie vs Session? How does CSRF Attack work? Symmetric Vs Asymmetric Cryptography How can you mitigate SQL injection/ XSS/ CSRF attack? How can you prevent web server attacks? List any 3 ways to prevent Brute Force Attacks. What is Heart Bleed Attack? What is the use of Salting in Hashing? What are the different types of malware? What do you understand by Auxiliary modules in Metasploit? Blacklist Validation Vs White List Validation What is the role of Netcat in reverse shell? How can you perform a DDOS attack? What do you understand by session hijacking? How can it be prevented? What is click-jacking? Explain the MITM attack. What is the role of DMZ in network security? What is replay attack in network security? Elucidate the applications of Digital Signature. What are the common misconfigurations in Linux Environment? Different nmap scan flags and the difference in half connect & full connect scan. What is the role of Captcha in Web Application Security? What is a Session and why do we need a Session? How to extract data manually in sql injection vulnerability? Difference between error based and blind based How to handle a session? What are the ways to get session id? How does nmap check UDP open/close port? How will u check an ip is live or not manually? How to check disabled accounts in Linux? Shadow file fields? CSRF Protection SQL Injection and types and mitigation What is Rest and Soap? Blind XSS? CVE Deatils Matrix What is Safe APIs and parametrized queries?

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A Security Analyst is responsible for testing web applications, identifying vulnerabilities, and implementing security measures to protect against attacks.

Testing a web application involves various techniques such as penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, and code review.
CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) is an attack that tricks a victim into performing unwanted actions on a web application.
SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery) is an attack that allows an attacker to make requests from the vulnerable server.
LDAP injection is a type of attack where an attacker injects malicious LDAP code to manipulate the application's interaction with an LDAP server.
Nmap is a popular port scanning tool that determines the status of ports on a target system (open/filtered/closed).
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a protocol that provides secure communication over the internet by encrypting data transmitted between a client and a server.
In the scenario with a proxy server (Burpsuite) between the server and client, the client browser will validate the server SSL certificate.
SQL injection is a type of attack where an attacker injects malicious SQL code to manipulate a database.
XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) is an attack that allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.
Open ports in Linux can be checked using tools like Nmap or by using the 'netstat' command.
DOM-based XSS is a type of XSS attack that occurs when the malicious script manipulates the Document Object Model (DOM) of a web page.
Reflected XSS is a type of XSS attack where the malicious script is embedded in a URL and is reflected back to the user.
Session hijacking is an attack where an attacker steals a user's session ID to gain unauthorized access to a web application.
Session fixation is an attack where an attacker sets a user's session ID to a known value to hijack the session.
Predicting a session ID of a victim is challenging and typically requires exploiting vulnerabilities like session fixation or weak session ID generation.
HTTP method Trace is a method that allows a client to retrieve the HTTP request it sent to a server, which can be used in certain attacks.
Null Byte is a character with a value of zero used to terminate strings in some programming languages. It can be exploited in certain attacks.
Scanning ports of a server behind a firewall can be done by using techniques like port forwarding or by using a firewall bypass tool.
Owasp Top 10 Vulnerabilities include Injection, Broken Authentication, Sensitive Data Exposure, XML External Entities (XXE), etc.
To secure a login page, measures like strong password policies, multi-factor authentication, and protection against brute force attacks can be implemented.
PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) SSL certificates use asymmetric cryptography to secure communication between a client and a server.
The server contains the private key in an HTTPS SSL connection, while the client carries the public key. The client gets the public key during the SSL handshake.
SSL handshake involves the client and server exchanging certificates, negotiating encryption algorithms, and establishing a secure connection.
Half-open connection is a TCP connection where one end has terminated the connection, but the other end is still open. Half-closed connection is the opposite.
Mitigation of SQL and XSS attacks involves input validation, parameterized queries, and output encoding to prevent malicious code execution.
Web app testing tools like Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, and Nessus are commonly used by security analysts.
Metasploit offers various payloads for exploitation, including reverse shells, meterpreter sessions, and command execution.
Nmap can scan a network using different scan types like TCP SYN scan, TCP connect scan, UDP scan, etc.
Httponly and Secure flags are used in cookies to enhance security by preventing client-side scripts from accessing cookies and enforcing secure connections.
Intruder in Burp Suite is a tool used for automated attacks like brute forcing, fuzzing, and parameter manipulation.
Blind SQL Injection is an attack where an attacker can infer information from the application's response without seeing the actual response.
Risk refers to the potential for loss or harm, vulnerability is a weakness that can be exploited, and threat is a potential source of harm or attack.
Encryption is the process of converting data into a form that cannot be easily understood without a decryption key. Hashing is a one-way process of generating a fixed-size string from input data. Encoding is the process of converting data into a different format. Masking is the process of hiding sensitive data by replacing it with placeholder characters. Tokenization is the process of replacing sensitive data with unique tokens.
Burp Suite is a web application security testing tool used for scanning, intercepting, and manipulating HTTP/S traffic.
Burp Suite can be used to perform various attacks like XSS, SQL injection, CSRF, session hijacking, etc.
Kali Linux is a popular Linux distribution used for penetration testing and ethical hacking. Various attacks can be performed using tools like Metasploit, Nmap, Wireshark, etc.
IDS (Intrusion Detection System) detects and alerts on suspicious activities, IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) actively blocks attacks, HIPS (Host-based Intrusion Prevention System) protects a specific host, and Firewall filters network traffic based on predefined rules.
The secure attribute in a cookie ensures that the cookie is only sent over secure (HTTPS) connections.
A cookie is a small piece of data stored on the client-side, while a session is a way to store and track user-specific information on the server-side.
CSRF Attack works by tricking a victim into unknowingly performing actions on a web application that they are authenticated to.
Symmetric cryptography uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, while asymmetric cryptography uses different keys for encryption and decryption.
SQL injection, XSS, and CSRF attacks can be mitigated by implementing input validation, using parameterized queries, and implementing proper session management.
Web server attacks can be prevented by keeping software up to date, implementing strong access controls, using secure coding practices, and regularly monitoring logs.
Three ways to prevent Brute Force Attacks are implementing account lockouts, using strong passwords, and implementing CAPTCHA or rate limiting.
Heart Bleed Attack is a vulnerability in the OpenSSL library that allows an attacker to retrieve sensitive information from the server's memory.
Salting in hashing involves adding a random value (salt) to the input data before hashing, making it harder to crack hashed passwords using precomputed tables (rainbow tables).
Different types of malware include viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware, etc.
Auxiliary modules in Metasploit are additional modules that provide additional functionality or support for other modules.
Blacklist validation involves checking if input matches a list of known malicious values, while whitelist validation involves checking if input matches a list of known valid values.
Netcat is a versatile networking utility used for reading from and writing to network connections. It can be used for reverse shell connections in a compromised system.
DDOS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack involves overwhelming a target system with a flood of traffic to make it unavailable to legitimate users.
Session hijacking is the unauthorized takeover of a user's session, which can be prevented by implementing secure session management techniques like session tokens, secure cookies, and SSL/TLS.
Click-jacking is an attack where an attacker tricks a user into clicking on a hidden or disguised element on a web page, leading to unintended actions.
MITM (Man-in-the-Middle) attack involves an attacker intercepting and altering communication between two parties without their knowledge.
DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) is a network segment that separates an organization's internal network from an external network, providing an additional layer of security.
Replay attack involves an attacker intercepting and retransmitting a valid communication to gain unauthorized access or perform malicious actions.
Digital Signature is used to verify the authenticity and integrity of digital documents or messages, ensuring they have not been tampered with.
Common misconfigurations in Linux environment include weak passwords, improper file permissions, outdated software, and misconfigured network services.
Different nmap scan flags include SYN scan (-sS), Connect scan (-sT), UDP scan (-sU), etc. Half connect scan sends a SYN packet and waits for a response, while full connect scan completes the TCP handshake.
Captcha in web application security is used to differentiate between human users and automated bots, preventing automated attacks.
A session is a way to store and track user-specific information during their interaction with a web application.
Data extraction in SQL injection vulnerability can be done by injecting SQL code that retrieves desired data from the database.
Error-based SQL injection relies on error messages returned by the database to extract information, while blind-based SQL injection relies on inferencing without seeing the actual response.
Handling a session involves managing session data, ensuring session security, and implementing session expiration and invalidation mechanisms.
Ways to get a session ID include capturing it through network sniffing, exploiting session fixation vulnerabilities, or guessing weak session IDs.
Nmap checks UDP open/close ports by sending UDP packets to the target ports and analyzing the responses received.
To check if an IP is live or not manually, you can use tools like 'ping' or 'traceroute' to send packets and check for responses.
Disabled accounts in Linux can be checked by examining the '/etc/shadow' file, which contains password-related information.
CSRF protection involves implementing measures like using anti-CSRF tokens, checking the origin of requests, and implementing proper session management.
SQL injection can be mitigated by implementing input validation, using parameterized queries, and applying proper output encoding.
REST (Representational State Transfer) and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) are web service architectures used for communication between systems.
Blind XSS is an XSS attack where the attacker cannot directly see the injected script executing, but can infer its execution through other means.
CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) Details Matrix provides information about known vulnerabilities, their severity, and available patches or mitigations.
Safe APIs and parametrized queries are techniques used to prevent SQL injection by ensuring that user input is properly sanitized and treated as data rather than executable code.

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