Shivakriti International Interview Questions and Answers

Drawing a simply supported beam with uniform load distribution in strength of materials.

• Draw a straight line representing the beam.

• Mark the supports at both ends of the beam.

• Draw arrows representing the uniform load distribution on the beam.

• Calculate the reactions at the supports using equations of equilibrium.

• Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam.

• Calculate the maximum shear force and bending moment at any point on the beam.

• Use the maximum shear force ...read more

Pressure and velocity compounding are methods used to increase the efficiency of steam turbines.

• Pressure compounding involves dividing the pressure drop across the turbine into smaller stages, each with its own set of moving blades.

• Velocity compounding involves dividing the steam flow into smaller streams, each flowing through a set of fixed blades.

• Both methods increase the efficiency of the turbine by reducing the amount of energy lost to friction and turbulence.

• Examples of ...read more

Normalizing, annealing, and hardening are heat treatment processes used to alter the properties of metals.

• Normalizing involves heating the metal to a temperature above its critical point and then cooling it in air. This process improves the strength and toughness of the metal.

• Annealing involves heating the metal to a specific temperature and then cooling it slowly. This process reduces the hardness and increases the ductility of the metal.

• Hardening involves heating the metal ...read more

The range of a cooling tower refers to the maximum distance at which it can effectively cool air, while the approach is the temperature difference between the cooled water and the entering air.

• Range of a cooling tower is typically around 5-20 degrees Fahrenheit

• Approach of a cooling tower is usually around 8-15 degrees Fahrenheit

• The range and approach of a cooling tower can vary based on factors such as design, size, and operating conditions

CSTR and PFR are types of reactors, pumps are used to move fluids, heat exchangers transfer heat between fluids.

• CSTR (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor) has a constant volume and operates under steady-state conditions.

• PFR (Plug Flow Reactor) has a varying volume and operates under unsteady-state conditions.

• Pumps are mechanical devices used to move fluids from one place to another, like centrifugal pumps or positive displacement pumps.

• Heat exchangers are used to transfer heat be...read more

Iron-iron carbide diagram is a graphical representation of the phases of iron and carbon at different temperatures and compositions.

• Also known as the Fe-C diagram

• Shows the transformation of iron from ferrite to austenite to pearlite

• Used to determine the microstructure and properties of steel

• Helps in designing heat treatment processes for steel

• Important tool for metallurgists and materials engineers

Efficiency of Rankine cycle formula.

• Efficiency = (Net work output / Heat input)

• Efficiency = (1 - T2/T1)

• T1 is the temperature of steam at the inlet of turbine

• T2 is the temperature of steam at the outlet of turbine

• Net work output = (P1 - P2) * (V2 - V1)

• Heat input = m * (h1 - h2)

• m is the mass flow rate of steam

• h1 is the enthalpy of steam at the inlet of turbine

• h2 is the enthalpy of steam at the outlet of turbine

Cracking is a process in which complex hydrocarbon molecules are broken down into simpler molecules.

• Cracking is a refining process used to convert large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more valuable ones.

• It is done by breaking the carbon-carbon bonds in the molecules.

• Examples include catalytic cracking and steam cracking.