Kotak Securities Interview Questions and Answers

Answer to coding questions for Associate Software Engineer interview

• To check for palindrome, compare the input string with its reverse

• To print the reverse of an array, loop through the array in reverse order and print each element

• To find the second highest in an array, loop through the array and keep track of the highest and second highest values

The type qualifier volatile is used to indicate that a variable's value may change unexpectedly.

• The volatile qualifier is used when a variable can be modified by external factors that are beyond the control of the program.

• It is commonly used when accessing hardware registers or shared memory in multi-threaded environments.

• The const qualifier is used to indicate that a variable's value cannot be modified once it is assigned.

• It is used to enforce immutability and prevent accide...read more

C language has various topics including data types, control structures, functions, arrays, pointers, structures, and file handling.

• Data types - int, float, char, double, etc.

• Control structures - if-else, switch-case, loops, etc.

• Functions - user-defined functions, library functions, etc.

• Arrays - one-dimensional, multi-dimensional, etc.

• Pointers - pointer variables, pointer arithmetic, etc.

• Structures - user-defined data types, nested structures, etc.

• File handling - opening, read...read more

Code to reverse words in a string

• Split the string into an array of words

• Loop through the array and reverse each word

• Join the reversed words back into a string

Storage classes are keywords in C programming that define the scope and lifetime of variables.

• There are four storage classes in C: auto, register, static, and extern.

• Auto variables are local to a function and have a default value of garbage.

• Register variables are stored in CPU registers for faster access.

• Static variables retain their value between function calls.

• Extern variables are declared outside of any function and can be accessed by other files.

• Storage classes can affect...read more

System call is a request made by a program to the operating system for a service or resource.

• System calls provide an interface between a program and the operating system.

• They allow programs to perform tasks such as reading and writing files, creating new processes, and managing memory.

• Examples of system calls include open(), read(), write(), fork(), and exec().

The computer starts by executing the BIOS, which initializes hardware and loads the operating system.

• When the power button is pressed, the computer sends a signal to the power supply to turn on.

• The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is then executed, which performs a Power-On Self Test (POST) to check hardware components.

• The BIOS then loads the boot loader from the hard drive or other bootable device.

• The boot loader then loads the operating system into memory and hands over con...read more

A process is an instance of a program while a thread is a lightweight process that can run concurrently with other threads.

• A process is a program in execution

• A process has its own memory space and system resources

• A thread is a subset of a process

• A thread shares the same memory space and system resources as its parent process

• Multiple threads can run concurrently within a single process