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10+ PolicyBazaar Senior Database Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 5 Feb 2024
Q1. Can you discuss the numeric data types available in SQL Server?
Ans.

SQL Server offers various numeric data types for storing different types of numerical values.

  • SQL Server provides data types like int, bigint, smallint, tinyint for storing whole numbers.

  • Numeric data types like decimal and numeric are used for storing fixed-point numbers.

  • Float and real data types are used for storing floating-point numbers with different precision levels.

  • Money and smallmoney data types are used for storing monetary values.

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Q2. What is the difference between Merge and Union All transformations in SQL?
Ans.

Merge combines two result sets into one, while Union All combines and includes duplicates.

  • Merge is used to combine two result sets into one, eliminating duplicates.

  • Union All is used to combine two result sets into one, including duplicates.

  • Merge requires the result sets to have the same number of columns and compatible data types.

  • Union All does not require the result sets to have the same number of columns or data types.

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Q3. What is the difference between the Snowflake schema and the Star schema in data warehousing?
Ans.

Snowflake schema has normalized dimension tables while Star schema has denormalized dimension tables.

  • Snowflake schema has a centralized fact table connected to multiple dimension tables normalized into sub-dimension tables.

  • Star schema has a denormalized structure with dimension tables directly connected to the fact table.

  • Snowflake schema requires more joins for querying data compared to Star schema.

  • Star schema is easier to understand and query but may lead to data redundancy....read more

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Q4. 8.Star Flake and Snow Flake Schema which one's performance is better?

Ans.

Snow Flake Schema has better performance than Star Flake Schema.

  • Snow Flake Schema has normalized tables which reduces data redundancy and improves query performance.

  • Star Flake Schema has denormalized tables which can lead to data redundancy and slower query performance.

  • Snow Flake Schema is better suited for complex queries with multiple joins.

  • Star Flake Schema is better suited for simple queries with fewer joins.

  • Performance also depends on the specific use case and data volum...read more

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Q5. What is indexing in the context of databases?
Ans.

Indexing in databases is a technique used to improve the speed of data retrieval by creating a data structure that allows for quick lookups.

  • Indexes are created on columns in a database table to speed up the retrieval of data.

  • They work similar to the index in a book, allowing the database to quickly find the rows that match a certain value.

  • Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique keys, and composite indexes.

  • Without indexes, the database would have to scan the entire ta...read more

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Q6. What is normalization in the context of database management systems?
Ans.

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

  • Normalization involves breaking down data into smaller, more manageable tables

  • It helps in reducing data redundancy by storing data in a structured manner

  • Normalization ensures data integrity by minimizing anomalies such as update, insert, and delete anomalies

  • There are different normal forms like 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF that define the level of normalization

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Q7. What are the different row transformations in SSIS?
Ans.

Different row transformations in SSIS include Conditional Split, Derived Column, Lookup, and Merge.

  • Conditional Split: Routes data rows to different outputs based on specified conditions.

  • Derived Column: Adds new columns or modifies existing columns using expressions.

  • Lookup: Retrieves data from a related table based on a specified key.

  • Merge: Combines data from multiple sources into a single dataset.

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Q8. 2. What is Bookmarking, Row id, Key Index, covering index?

Ans.

Explanation of database terms: Bookmarking, Row id, Key Index, covering index.

  • Bookmarking is a feature that allows users to save the location of a record in a database for future reference.

  • Row id is a unique identifier assigned to each row in a table.

  • Key Index is an index created on a column or set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

  • Covering index is an index that contains all the columns required to satisfy a query, so the database engine does not need t...read more

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Q9. Can you explain the concept of Containers in SSIS?
Ans.

Containers in SSIS are logical grouping of tasks and components that help in organizing and managing workflows.

  • Containers help in organizing and managing workflows in SSIS packages

  • They can be used to group related tasks together for better readability and maintenance

  • Examples of containers in SSIS include Sequence Container, For Loop Container, and Foreach Loop Container

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Q10. What are event handlers in SSIS?
Ans.

Event handlers in SSIS are workflows that are triggered by specific events during the execution of a package.

  • Event handlers can be used to perform additional tasks or actions based on the success or failure of specific tasks within a package.

  • Common events that can trigger event handlers include OnError, OnPreExecute, OnPostExecute, OnWarning, etc.

  • Event handlers can be configured to send emails, log information, execute scripts, or perform other actions based on the event that...read more

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Q11. 9.What is Temp Variables, Temp Tables, CTE

Ans.

Temp variables, tables, and CTE are used in SQL to store temporary data during query execution.

  • Temp variables are used to store temporary data within a query.

  • Temp tables are used to store temporary data that can be accessed by multiple queries.

  • CTE (Common Table Expression) is a temporary result set that can be referenced within a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.

  • Temp variables and tables are created using the # symbol before the variable or table name.

  • CTE is create...read more

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Q12. 7.Event Handling and Error Handling in SSIS?

Ans.

Event and error handling are crucial in SSIS to ensure smooth execution and proper handling of exceptions.

  • Event handling involves capturing and responding to events that occur during package execution.

  • Error handling involves identifying and handling errors that occur during package execution.

  • SSIS provides various built-in event handlers and error handlers, such as OnError, OnTaskFailed, OnPostExecute, etc.

  • Custom event handlers and error handlers can also be created using scri...read more

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Q13. 10. Difference between merge and union?

Ans.

Merge combines two tables based on a specified condition, while union combines two tables with the same structure.

  • Merge is used to update or insert data into a target table based on a join condition with a source table.

  • Union is used to combine the results of two SELECT statements into a single result set.

  • Merge requires a join condition and can perform insert, update, and delete operations.

  • Union requires that both tables have the same number of columns and compatible data type...read more

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Q14. 4. What is Normalization

Ans.

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and dependency.

  • It involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.

  • Normalization helps to eliminate data inconsistencies and anomalies.

  • There are different levels of normalization, with each level having specific rules to follow.

  • For example, first normal form (1NF) requires that each column in a table be atomic, meaning it cannot be further divided into ...read more

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Q15. 3.Details of all types of Data Types

Ans.

Data types are classifications of data items that determine the nature of operations that can be performed on them.

  • Numeric data types: int, float, double, decimal

  • Character and string data types: char, varchar, text

  • Date and time data types: date, time, datetime

  • Boolean data type: bool

  • Binary data types: binary, varbinary, image

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Q16. 6.Types of Transformations in SSIS?

Ans.

Transformations in SSIS are used to modify data during ETL process.

  • Data Conversion Transformation

  • Conditional Split Transformation

  • Aggregate Transformation

  • Sort Transformation

  • Merge Transformation

  • Lookup Transformation

  • Derived Column Transformation

  • Multicast Transformation

  • Union All Transformation

  • Pivot Transformation

  • Unpivot Transformation

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Q17. 5.Containers in SSIS

Ans.

Containers in SSIS are logical groupings of tasks and containers that define the workflow of an SSIS package.

  • Containers can be used to group related tasks together and provide a clear visual representation of the package workflow.

  • There are several types of containers in SSIS, including Sequence Containers, For Loop Containers, and Foreach Loop Containers.

  • Sequence Containers are used to group tasks together and define the order in which they are executed.

  • For Loop Containers ar...read more

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