Paladion Networks Senior Security Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Security testing should be performed at every stage of SDLC to ensure a secure product.

• Security requirements should be defined at the planning stage

• Threat modeling should be done during the design phase

• Code review and vulnerability scanning should be done during the development phase

• Penetration testing and security acceptance testing should be done during the testing phase

• Security monitoring and incident response plann...read more

OWASP top 10 is a list of common web application vulnerabilities. Mitigation involves implementing security controls to prevent or reduce the impact of these vulnerabilities.

• Injection attacks can be mitigated by input validation and parameterized queries

• Cross-site scripting (XSS) can be mitigated by input validation and output encoding

• Broken authentication and session management can be mitigated by implementing strong ...read more

Our WAPT approach involves a comprehensive testing methodology to identify and address vulnerabilities in web applications.

• We use a combination of automated and manual testing techniques

• We prioritize vulnerabilities based on their severity and potential impact

• We work closely with development teams to ensure timely remediation

• We conduct regular retesting to ensure vulnerabilities have been properly addressed

Scopes refer to the boundaries or limits of a particular security system or protocol.

• Scopes define the extent of access or control that a user or system has within a security system.

• Scopes can be defined by user roles, permissions, or other criteria.

• Examples of scopes include network access, file permissions, and application privileges.

Brute forcing is a method of guessing a password or encryption key by trying all possible combinations.

• Brute forcing is a trial-and-error method used to crack passwords or encryption keys.

• It involves trying all possible combinations until the correct one is found.

• This method can be time-consuming and resource-intensive.

• Brute forcing can be used for both online and offline attacks.

• Examples of tools used for brute forcin

CSRF vulnerability allows attackers to perform actions on behalf of a user without their consent.

• CSRF attacks can be prevented by implementing CSRF tokens

• The token is generated by the server and included in the form or URL

• When the form is submitted, the token is verified to ensure it matches the one generated by the server

• If the token is invalid, the request is rejected

• CSRF vulnerabilities can be exploited to perform a...read more

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be classified into three types: Stored, Reflected, and DOM-based.

• Attackers can use XSS to steal sensitive information, such as login credentials or session tokens.

• Preventing XSS requires input validation, output encoding, and proper use of sec...read more

XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting. It is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

• XSS attacks can be used to steal sensitive information, such as login credentials or personal data.

• Attackers can also use XSS to hijack user sessions, redirect users to malicious websites, or deface web pages.

• XSS vulnerabilities can be prevented by properly s...read more

A basic XSS payload is a script injected into a website to execute malicious code on a victim's browser.

• Use the

SQL Injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field to manipulate a database.

• Attackers use SQL Injection to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data

• It can be prevented by using parameterized queries and input validation

• Types include In-band, Inferential, and Out-of-band

• Examples of SQL Injection attacks include UNION-based and Error-based attacks

SQL Payload to extract sensitive data from a database

• Use UNION SELECT to combine data from different tables

• Use subqueries to extract specific data

• Use SQL injection to bypass authentication and access data

• Use ORDER BY to sort data in a specific way and extract specific data

• Use GROUP BY to group data and extract specific data

Broken authorization vulnerability can be extended by exploiting other vulnerabilities or by using stolen credentials.

• Exploiting other vulnerabilities such as SQL injection or cross-site scripting to gain unauthorized access

• Using stolen credentials to bypass authorization checks

• Exploiting misconfigured access controls to gain elevated privileges

• Using brute force attacks to guess valid credentials

• Exploiting session mana

Broken authentication & authorization is when an attacker gains access to a user's account or system without proper credentials.

• An attacker can exploit this by guessing or stealing a user's login credentials.

• They can also use brute force attacks to crack weak passwords.

• Another way is to exploit vulnerabilities in the authentication process, such as session hijacking or cookie theft.

• Once the attacker gains access, they ...read more

Implemented various security measures in API development and testing.

• Implemented authentication and authorization mechanisms such as OAuth2 and JWT.

• Implemented rate limiting and throttling to prevent DDoS attacks.

• Implemented input validation and output encoding to prevent injection attacks.

• Conducted API penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities and remediate them.

• Implemented encryption and decryption mechanisms t

I have tested various kinds of APIs including REST, SOAP, GraphQL, and more.

• I have experience testing REST APIs which use HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.

• I have also tested SOAP APIs which use XML for data exchange.

• I have worked with GraphQL APIs which allow clients to specify the data they need.

• I am familiar with testing APIs that use authentication and authorization mechanisms.

• I have tested APIs that integra...read more

There are various types of vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, buffer overflow, etc.

• SQL injection: attackers inject malicious SQL code to gain unauthorized access to the database

• Cross-site scripting: attackers inject malicious scripts into a website to steal user data

• Buffer overflow: attackers exploit a program's buffer to execute malicious code

• Other types include CSRF, DoS, and privilege escal...read more

Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA) is a vulnerability where an attacker can access unauthorized data by manipulating object references.

• BOLA occurs when an application fails to enforce proper access controls on object references.

• Attackers can exploit BOLA to access sensitive data or functionality by manipulating object references.

• Examples of BOLA include accessing other users' data, modifying data that should be r...read more

I have tested various types of mobile applications including social media, e-commerce, and banking apps.

• I have tested social media apps like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram

• I have tested e-commerce apps like Amazon, Flipkart, and eBay

• I have tested banking apps like Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo

SSL pinning can be bypassed by modifying the app's code or using a tool to intercept and modify the SSL traffic.

• Modify the app's code to disable SSL pinning

• Use a tool like Frida or Cydia Substrate to intercept and modify SSL traffic

• Use a man-in-the-middle attack to intercept and modify SSL traffic

• Use a custom SSL certificate to bypass SSL pinning

• Use a debugger to bypass SSL pinning

Frida is a dynamic instrumentation toolkit for developers, reverse-engineers, and security researchers.

• Frida allows you to inject JavaScript or native code into an application to perform dynamic analysis.

• It can be used to hook functions, intercept network traffic, and bypass SSL pinning.

• Frida supports both iOS and Android platforms.

• It can be used for both offensive and defensive security purposes.

nmap is a network exploration tool used to scan and map networks and identify open ports and services.

• nmap can be used to identify hosts and services on a network

• It can also be used to identify open ports and vulnerabilities

• nmap can be used to perform ping scans, TCP scans, and UDP scans

• It can also be used to perform OS detection and version detection

• nmap can be used with various options and flags to customize the scan

oX in nmap is used to specify the IP protocol number to use for scanning.

• oX is followed by the protocol number (e.g. oX1 for ICMP protocol)

• It can be used with other nmap options like -sS or -sU

• It is useful for scanning non-standard protocols