10+ Mu Sigma Decision Scientist Interview Questions and Answers

Explanation of significance of mean and standard deviation in normal distribution.

• Mean represents the central tendency of the data while standard deviation measures the spread of the data.

• In a normal distribution, approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations.

• These percentages can be used to calculate the probability of a data point falling within a certain range of...read more

There are approximately 500 sweet shops in my city.

• The number of sweet shops may vary depending on the size of the city.

• Factors such as population density and cultural preferences may also affect the number of sweet shops.

• A rough estimate can be made by dividing the population by the number of sweet shops per capita in similar cities.

• Alternatively, a survey or data analysis of existing sweet shops can provide a more accurate estimate.

Our team follows a CI/CD workflow that includes automated testing, code reviews, and continuous integration.

• Automated testing is run on every code change to catch bugs early.

• Code reviews are conducted before merging changes to ensure code quality.

• Continuous integration is used to automatically build and test code changes in a shared repository.

• Deployment pipelines are set up to automate the release process.

• Version control is used to track changes and manage codebase effective...read more

Data is the information collected and stored, while data source is the origin or location from which the data is obtained.

• Data is the raw facts and figures that are collected and stored for analysis.

• Data source is the location or system from which the data is collected, such as a database, sensor, or survey.

• Examples of data sources include customer surveys, website analytics, and social media platforms.

Design a document managed storage like Google Drive as an E2E solution.

• Implement user authentication and authorization for secure access.

• Create a user-friendly interface for uploading, organizing, and sharing documents.

• Include features like version control, file syncing, and search functionality.

• Utilize cloud storage for scalability and accessibility.

• Implement encryption for data security.

• Integrate with third-party apps for enhanced functionality.

Authentication verifies the identity of a user, while authorization determines what actions a user is allowed to perform.

• Authentication confirms the identity of a user through credentials like passwords or biometrics.

• Authorization determines the level of access or permissions a user has once their identity is confirmed.

• Authentication is the process of logging in, while authorization is the process of granting or denying access to resources.

• Example: Logging into a bank account...read more

I am passionate about uncovering insights and patterns in data to drive informed decision-making.

• I enjoy working with numbers and finding trends in data sets.

• Analyzing data allows me to make strategic decisions based on evidence rather than intuition.

• I find satisfaction in solving complex problems using statistical methods and algorithms.

Stats focuses on summarizing and interpreting data, while data analysis involves exploring and drawing insights from data.

• Statistics involves collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data to make informed decisions.

• Data analysis involves cleaning, transforming, and visualizing data to discover patterns, trends, and insights.

• Statistics uses mathematical formulas and techniques to summarize data, such as mean, median, and standard deviation.

• Data analysis uses tools l...read more

LLD for an authentication and authorization system

• Separate modules for authentication and authorization

• Use of secure hashing algorithms for storing passwords

• Role-based access control implementation

• Audit logging for tracking user actions

• Integration with external identity providers

I developed a predictive model to estimate house prices based on various factors.

• Collected and cleaned data on house features, location, and sale prices

• Performed exploratory data analysis to identify key variables impacting house prices

• Built and trained machine learning models such as linear regression or random forest

• Evaluated model performance using metrics like RMSE or R-squared

• Used the model to make predictions on new data and assess accuracy

SQL queries are executed in a specific order to ensure accurate results.

• SQL queries are executed in the following order: SELECT, FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY.

• The SELECT clause is always executed first to retrieve the specified columns.

• The FROM clause is then executed to specify the tables from which to retrieve data.

• The WHERE clause filters the rows based on specified conditions.

• The GROUP BY clause groups the rows based on specified columns.

• The HAVING clause filter...read more

Data is information collected and analyzed for decision-making. Mu Sigma is a leading analytics company.

• Data is raw facts and figures that can be processed to gain insights.

• Mu Sigma is a data analytics company that helps businesses make data-driven decisions.

• Data can come in various forms such as structured, unstructured, and semi-structured.

• Mu Sigma uses advanced analytics techniques like machine learning and AI to extract valuable insights from data.

• Data is essential for bu...read more

Vodafone Idea is a telecom company in India facing financial challenges due to intense competition and regulatory issues.

• Vodafone Idea is struggling to compete with other telecom companies in India such as Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel.

• The company has a large debt burden and has been unable to raise funds due to regulatory issues.

• Vodafone Idea has been losing subscribers and market share due to poor network quality and customer service.

• The Indian government has recently anno...read more

ML solves complex problems by analyzing data and making predictions or decisions based on patterns and trends.

• ML can solve problems related to prediction, classification, clustering, anomaly detection, and recommendation.

• Examples include predicting customer churn, classifying spam emails, clustering similar customer segments, detecting fraudulent transactions, and recommending products based on user behavior.

• ML can automate tasks that are too complex or time-consuming for hum...read more

Python code using recursion

• Recursion is a technique in which a function calls itself to solve a problem

• Base case is important to prevent infinite recursion

• Example: Factorial calculation using recursion - def factorial(n): return 1 if n == 0 else n * factorial(n-1)

Inheritance is the mechanism in object-oriented programming where a new class inherits attributes and methods from an existing class.

• Inheritance allows for code reusability and promotes the concept of hierarchical classification.

• The class that is being inherited from is called the parent class or superclass, while the class that inherits is called the child class or subclass.

• Subclasses can add new attributes or methods, or override existing ones from the superclass.

• Example: A...read more

Different types of SQL joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: Returns rows when there is a match in either table

Types of joins in SQL include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: Returns rows when there is a match in either table