Nika World Interview Questions and Answers

Procaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eucaryotic cells have both.

• Procaryotic cells are smaller and simpler in structure than eucaryotic cells.

• Procaryotic cells have a single circular chromosome, while eucaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes.

• Procaryotic cells have cell walls made of peptidoglycan, while eucaryotic cells have cell walls made of cellulose or chitin.

• Examples of procaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea, while example...read more

HEPA stands for High Efficiency Particulate Air. The pore size of a HEPA filter is typically 0.3 micrometers.

• HEPA stands for High Efficiency Particulate Air.

• HEPA filters are used to remove particles and contaminants from the air.

• The pore size of a HEPA filter is typically 0.3 micrometers.

• HEPA filters are commonly used in cleanrooms, hospitals, and HVAC systems.

70% IPA is used as it is more effective in killing microorganisms than higher concentrations.

• 70% IPA has a higher water content which allows it to penetrate the cell wall of microorganisms more effectively

• Higher concentrations of IPA can cause coagulation of proteins on the surface of microorganisms, making them more resistant to disinfection

• 70% IPA is less volatile than higher concentrations, allowing for longer contact time with the surface being disinfected

Gram staining is a technique used to differentiate bacteria into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative.

• Prepare a heat-fixed bacterial smear on a glass slide

• Cover the smear with crystal violet stain for 1 minute

• Rinse the slide with water to remove excess stain

• Apply iodine solution to the slide for 1 minute

• Rinse the slide with water again

• Decolorize the slide with alcohol or acetone for a few seconds

• Rinse the slide with water once more

• Counterstain the slide with safranin f...read more

Autoclave uses steam under pressure to sterilize equipment and materials.

• Autoclave operates at high temperature and pressure to kill microorganisms

• Three stages of autoclaving: heating, sterilization, and cooling

• Heating stage: steam is introduced into the chamber to raise the temperature and pressure

• Sterilization stage: temperature and pressure are maintained for a set time to kill microorganisms

• Cooling stage: pressure is released and the chamber is cooled before opening

• Autocl...read more

ACE-2 receptor stands for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 receptor. It is a protein that is found on the surface of many cell types.

• ACE-2 receptor is formed by the ACE2 gene.

• It is primarily found in the lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestines.

• ACE-2 receptor plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and cardiovascular function.

• It is also the receptor that allows the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enter human cells and cause COVID-19.

• ACE-2 receptor is a potential target for developi...read more