How can you convert a 230V AC supply into a 12V DC supply? Describe with a circuit diagram.

Question

Accepted Answer

A step-down transformer is used to convert 230 V AC to 12 V AC, which is then rectified using a bridge rectifier and filtered using a capacitor to obtain 12 V DC.

Use a step-down transformer to reduce the voltage from 230 V AC to 12 V AC
Rectify the AC voltage using a bridge rectifier
Filter the rectified voltage using a capacitor
Use a voltage regulator to regulate the output voltage to 12 V DC
Use appropriate diodes and capacitors in the circuit
Example: LM7812 voltage regulator can be used to regulate the output voltage