Difference between call by value call by reference call by pointer

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Call by value passes a copy of the variable, call by reference passes the actual variable, and call by pointer passes the memory address of the variable.

Call by value: Changes made to the parameter inside the function do not affect the original variable. Example: int x = 10; func(x);
Call by reference: Changes made to the parameter inside the function affect the original variable. Example: void func(int &x) { x = 20; }
Call by pointer: Passes the memory address of the variable. Changes made to the parameter inside the function affect the original variable. Example: void func(int *x) { *x = 30; }

Difference between call by value call by reference call by pointer

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