10+ Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Project Associate Interview Questions and Answers

Formic acid is an organic compound that is called acid but does not have a COOH group.

• Formic acid (HCOOH) is the simplest carboxylic acid and is commonly known as formic acid.

• It is called an acid because it can donate a hydrogen ion (H+) in solution.

• Formic acid does not have a COOH group (carboxyl group) like other carboxylic acids.

• It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor and is found naturally in the venom of certain ants.

• Formic acid is used in various industries, includ...read more

The concentration of H2SO4 and HCl used in our laboratory varies depending on the experiment.

• Concentrations are determined based on the experiment's requirements

• We use a range of concentrations from dilute to concentrated solutions

• Examples include 0.1M HCl for titrations and 98% H2SO4 for digestion of samples

KBr is used in IR spectroscopy as a sample holder and diluent.

• KBr is transparent in the IR region

• It has low absorbance in the IR region

• It is easy to grind into a fine powder

• It is inert and does not react with most samples

• It has a low refractive index which reduces interference from the sample

• Examples of samples analyzed with KBr include polymers, oils, and organic compounds

The ionic product of water is 10^-14 because of the self-ionization of water molecules.

• Water molecules can self-ionize into H+ and OH- ions.

• The concentration of H+ and OH- ions in pure water is equal.

• The product of their concentrations is always 10^-14 at 25°C.

Flash distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture by heating it quickly and then cooling it rapidly. Types of distillations used in medicinal plants include steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation.

• Flash distillation involves heating a mixture quickly and then cooling it rapidly to separate its components

• Steam distillation is commonly used to extract essential oils from medicinal plants

• Solvent extraction involves using a solvent to dis...read more

Equilibrium constant is a measure of the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium.

• It is denoted by Kc or Keq.

• It is calculated by dividing the concentration of products by the concentration of reactants at equilibrium.

• It is a constant value for a given reaction at a given temperature.

• It helps in predicting the direction of a reaction.

• If Kc is greater than 1, the reaction favors the products. If Kc is less than 1, the reaction favors the reactants.

• If Kc is equal to 1, the ...read more

Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations in systems.

• It deals with the relationship between heat, work, and energy.

• It focuses on the principles of energy conservation and entropy.

• Thermodynamics is used in various fields like engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology.

• Examples include the study of heat engines, refrigeration systems, and chemical reactions.

Calorific value is the amount of heat energy released when a unit mass of fuel is burned.

• Calorific value is measured in units of energy per unit of mass.

• It is used to compare the energy content of different fuels.

• Higher calorific value means more energy is released per unit mass of fuel.

• Examples of fuels with high calorific value include coal, natural gas, and diesel.

• Calorific value can be affected by factors such as moisture content and impurities in the fuel.

Telangana and Andhra Pradesh are known for the cultivation of various medicinal and aromatic plant crops.

• Turmeric

• Tulsi

• Mint

• Lemongrass

• Aloe Vera

• Ginger

• Coriander

• Fennel

• Rosemary

• Lavender

Ash is the residue left after the combustion of organic materials.

• Ash is the inorganic material that remains after the complete combustion of organic substances.

• It is typically composed of minerals, metals, and other non-combustible elements.

• Examples of ash include the residue left after burning wood, coal, or paper.

• Ash can vary in color and composition depending on the source material.

• It is commonly used as a fertilizer, in construction materials, or in the production of cer...read more

Calorific value is the amount of energy released when a substance is burned.

• Calorific value is measured in units of energy per unit of mass, such as joules per gram or calories per gram.

• It is used to determine the energy content of fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.

• Higher calorific value means more energy is released when the fuel is burned.

• Calorific value can be affected by factors such as moisture content and impurities in the fuel.

• For example, the calorific value o...read more