SOLID principles, their full form and the meaning of each of them and their significance in the code

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SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software more maintainable, flexible, and scalable.

S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.
O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.
L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of its subclasses without affecting the functionality.
I - Interface Segregation Principle: A client should not be forced to implement interfaces they do not use.
D - Dependency Inversion Principle: High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules. Both should depend on abstractions.

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