Explain 4 pillars of OOPs (Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance and polymorphism)

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OOPs pillars are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

Abstraction: Hides complex implementation details and only shows necessary features. Example: Car dashboard displaying speed without showing internal engine details.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit. Example: Class in Java encapsulates data members and member functions.
Inheritance: Allows a new class to inherit properties and behavior of an existing class. Example: Animal class can be inherited by Dog and Cat classes.
Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types. Example: Method overloading and method overriding in Java.

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