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TPM Consultants Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 12 Dec 2024

Q1. What is Power Factor ?

Ans.

Power factor is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used in a circuit.

  • Power factor is the ratio of real power (in watts) to apparent power (in volt-amperes).

  • It indicates the efficiency of electrical power consumption in a circuit.

  • A power factor of 1 means all the power is being used effectively, while a power factor less than 1 indicates wastage of power.

  • Inductive loads like motors and transformers have a lagging power factor, while capacitive loads have a ...read more

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Q2. What kind of devices we use for power factor improvement

Ans.

Devices used for power factor improvement include capacitors, synchronous condensers, and static VAR compensators.

  • Capacitors are commonly used to improve power factor by storing and releasing electrical energy as needed.

  • Synchronous condensers are rotating machines that generate or absorb reactive power to improve power factor.

  • Static VAR compensators are solid-state devices that provide reactive power compensation to improve power factor.

  • Other devices such as power factor corr...read more

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Q3. Types of induction motors & their principle of operation

Ans.

There are three types of induction motors: squirrel cage, wound rotor, and double squirrel cage.

  • Squirrel cage induction motors are the most common type and have a simple and robust design.

  • Wound rotor induction motors have external resistors connected to the rotor windings, allowing for variable speed control.

  • Double squirrel cage induction motors have two sets of rotor windings, providing high starting torque and improved efficiency.

  • The principle of operation for all induction...read more

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Q4. Diferrence between Circuit Breaker &Isolator

Ans.

Circuit breaker is a device that automatically interrupts an electric circuit to protect against overcurrents. Isolator is a manually operated switch used for isolating a circuit.

  • Circuit breaker is an automatic device, while isolator is manually operated.

  • Circuit breaker protects against overcurrents, while isolator is used for isolating a circuit.

  • Circuit breaker can be reset after tripping, while isolator cannot be reset.

  • Circuit breaker is commonly used in electrical distribu...read more

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Q5. Prepairing a SLD for a 11kv substation

Ans.

Preparing a Single Line Diagram (SLD) for an 11kV substation.

  • Identify the components of the substation, such as transformers, circuit breakers, and switchgear.

  • Determine the electrical connections and interconnections between the components.

  • Represent the components and connections using standardized symbols and line diagrams.

  • Include relevant information like ratings, voltages, and protective devices.

  • Ensure the SLD follows industry standards and regulations.

  • Review and revise th...read more

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Q6. Full form of VCB

Ans.

VCB stands for Vacuum Circuit Breaker.

  • VCB is an electrical switch that uses vacuum as the arc quenching medium.

  • It is used to protect electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits.

  • VCBs are commonly used in medium voltage applications.

  • They offer advantages such as compact size, high reliability, and low maintenance.

  • Example: A VCB may be installed in a distribution panel to protect a building's electrical system.

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Q7. Function of CT

Ans.

CT stands for Current Transformer. It is used to measure and monitor electrical currents in power systems.

  • CTs are used to step down high currents to a level that can be safely measured by instruments.

  • They provide isolation and protection to the measuring instruments from high voltage currents.

  • CTs are commonly used in electrical distribution systems, power plants, and industrial applications.

  • They are essential for accurate metering, monitoring, and protection of electrical sys...read more

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Q8. Function of a relay

Ans.

A relay is an electrical device that controls the flow of current in a circuit by using an electromagnet to open or close a switch.

  • Relays are commonly used in electrical systems to control high-power devices with low-power signals.

  • They can be used to switch on or off motors, lights, heaters, and other electrical components.

  • Relays provide isolation between the control circuit and the controlled circuit, protecting the control circuit from high voltages or currents.

  • They can be ...read more

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