70+ Graduate Apprenticeship Trainee Interview Questions and Answers

To increase flow rate in a centrifugal pump, increase impeller speed, reduce discharge head, or increase impeller diameter.

• Increase impeller speed by adjusting motor speed or using a larger motor

• Reduce discharge head by opening valves or reducing pipe friction

• Increase impeller diameter by replacing impeller or using a pump with a larger impeller

• Ensure pump is properly primed and not clogged

• Consider the limitations of the pump and system design

Annuity at year start generally gives higher returns due to longer investment period and compounding interest.

• Annuity at year start gives higher returns due to longer investment period for compounding interest

• Investing at year start allows for more time for the investment to grow

• Annuity at year end may result in lower returns as the investment period is shorter

Questions related to fluid mechanics and cycles in I.C. Engine

• Viscosity is the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow

• Density is the measure of mass per unit volume of a substance

• Newton's law of viscosity states that the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is directly proportional to the velocity gradient

• Surface tension is the force that causes the surface of a liquid to contract

• Cycles in I.C. Engine include intake, compression, power, and exhaust

• Diesel cycle has const...read more

My favorite chemical engineering subject is process design.

• I enjoy the challenge of designing efficient and cost-effective processes.

• I find it fascinating to optimize the use of resources and minimize waste.

• Examples of process design projects I have worked on include designing a distillation column for separating azeotropic mixtures and optimizing a chemical reaction for maximum yield.

To calculate no of trays in distillation column, use McCabe-Thiele method or Fenske equation.

• Determine the desired purity of the distillate

• Calculate the number of theoretical trays using McCabe-Thiele method or Fenske equation

• Account for efficiency and other factors to determine actual number of trays needed

Yes, I would consider Kochi Refinery as an option for employment.

• I am open to exploring all options and would consider Kochi Refinery as a potential employer.

• I would research more about the company and its work culture before making a final decision.

• My ultimate goal is to gain valuable experience and contribute to the growth of the organization.

• I am willing to work hard and learn new skills to excel in my role at Kochi Refinery.

Bearing housing and shaft diameter can be calculated using engineering formulas and specifications.

• Calculate the radial load and axial load on the bearing housing

• Determine the required safety factor based on application requirements

• Use engineering formulas to calculate the minimum required shaft diameter

• Consider factors such as material strength, speed, and load distribution

• Consult relevant standards and guidelines for accurate calculations

Acoustic Emission Testing is a non-destructive testing method that detects and analyzes high-frequency sound waves produced by materials under stress.

• AET is based on the principle that materials under stress emit high-frequency sound waves that can be detected and analyzed.

• It is used to detect and locate defects, cracks, and other anomalies in materials such as metals, composites, and concrete.

• AET is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and civil enginee...read more

Earthing and neutral are both important components of electrical systems, but they serve different purposes.

• Earthing is the process of connecting electrical equipment and installations to the earth to prevent electric shock and protect against electrical faults.

• Neutral is a current-carrying conductor that completes the circuit and provides a return path for the current back to the source.

• Earthing is primarily for safety purposes, while neutral is for the proper functioning of...read more

The motor speed is directly proportional to the number of poles and the frequency of the power supply.

• Motor speed is determined by the number of poles and the frequency of the power supply.

• The formula to calculate the motor speed is: Speed = (120 * Frequency) / Number of Poles.

• Higher frequency or more poles result in higher motor speed.

• Lower frequency or fewer poles result in lower motor speed.

Questions related to engineering and college project

• Bearing is a machine element that supports a rotating shaft and reduces friction between moving parts

• Enthalpy is the amount of heat released or absorbed in a system at constant pressure, while entropy is the measure of disorder or randomness in a system

• Heat pump is a device that transfers heat from a colder area to a hotter area, while working on the principle of refrigeration cycle

• Heat pipe is a passive heat transfer device...read more

Distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• It involves heating the mixture to vaporize the component with the lowest boiling point.

• The vapor is then condensed and collected as a separate liquid.

• Types of distillation include simple distillation, fractional distillation, and steam distillation.

• Simple distillation is used for separating liquids with a large difference in boiling points.

• Fractional distillation is used for separat...read more

Speed and frequency in a motor are directly proportional to each other.

• Speed of a motor is directly proportional to the frequency of the power supply.

• Increasing the frequency of the power supply will increase the speed of the motor.

• Conversely, decreasing the frequency will decrease the speed of the motor.

• This relationship is important in controlling the speed of motors in various applications.

I have seen various types of engines in my college including diesel, petrol, and electric engines. I have also participated in practical classes where we disassembled and reassembled engines to understand their working principles.

• Diesel engines

• Petrol engines

• Electric engines

• Disassembling and reassembling engines

• Understanding working principles

There are three laws of thermodynamics.

• There are three laws of thermodynamics: the zeroth law, the first law, and the second law.

• The zeroth law states that if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

• The first law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• The second law states that the entropy of an isolated system will never decrease over time.

Submerged Arc Welding is used for welding thick materials and in mass production of pipes, tanks, and vessels.

• Submerged Arc Welding is used for welding thick materials such as plates and pipes.

• It is commonly used in the mass production of pipes, tanks, and vessels.

• The welding process involves a continuous wire feed and a granular flux that shields the arc and weld pool from the atmosphere.

• The flux also helps to remove impurities from the weld and improve the quality of the we...read more

My favorite subjects in electrical engineering are power systems, control systems, and electronics.

• Power systems: I enjoy studying the generation, transmission, and distribution of electrical power.

• Control systems: I find the design and analysis of control systems fascinating.

• Electronics: I am interested in learning about electronic circuits and devices.

Shear stress is the force applied parallel to a surface, causing deformation. Shear strain is the resulting deformation.

• Shear stress is the force applied parallel to a surface, causing deformation

• Shear strain is the resulting deformation in the material

• Shear stress is calculated as force divided by the area over which the force is applied

• Shear strain is calculated as the change in angle between two lines originally perpendicular in the material

IOT stands for Internet of Things, Cloud computing is a technology that allows access to data and applications over the internet, Flip-flops are digital circuits used in electronics.

• IOT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical devices connected to the internet, enabling them to collect and exchange data.

• Cloud computing involves storing and accessing data and programs over the internet instead of a computer's hard drive.

• Flip-flops are digital circuits used to sto...read more

A vacuum pump is operated by creating a vacuum in a closed system to remove air or gas molecules.

• The pump creates a low-pressure area in the system, causing air or gas to be drawn in and removed.

• There are different types of vacuum pumps, including rotary vane pumps, diaphragm pumps, and scroll pumps.

• The pump may be powered by electricity, compressed air, or a hand crank.

• Vacuum pumps are used in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, medical, and scientific research...read more

A current transformer is a device used to measure or monitor electric current in high voltage systems.

• It is a type of instrument transformer that steps down high current to a lower value suitable for measurement.

• It consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, with the primary winding connected in series with the current to be measured.

• The secondary winding is connected to a measuring or monitoring device.

• The current ratio between the primary and secondary winding de...read more

2 stroke engine has power stroke every 2 strokes, while 4 stroke engine has power stroke every 4 strokes.

• 2 stroke engine: Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust in 2 strokes. Example: Chainsaw engine.

• 4 stroke engine: Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust in 4 strokes. Example: Car engine.

To ensure safety at site execution, I would implement strict safety protocols, conduct regular safety inspections, provide proper training to workers, and enforce safety regulations.

• Implement strict safety protocols and guidelines

• Conduct regular safety inspections to identify potential hazards

• Provide proper training to workers on safety procedures and equipment usage

• Enforce safety regulations and hold individuals accountable for non-compliance

Scale-up refers to the process of increasing the production capacity of a product or service.

• Scale-up involves expanding the production capacity of a product or service to meet increasing demand.

• It can involve changes to manufacturing processes, equipment, and facilities.

• Examples of scale-up include increasing the number of employees, adding new production lines, and expanding into new markets.

• Scale-up is often a critical stage in the growth of a business, as it allows the co...read more

India is a diverse country with a rich cultural heritage. Railtel Corporation of India is a public sector enterprise that provides telecom infrastructure services.

• India is the second-most populous country in the world with a population of over 1.3 billion people.

• India is known for its diverse culture, languages, and religions.

• Railtel Corporation of India is a public sector enterprise that provides telecom infrastructure services to the Indian Railways.

• The current CMD of Railt...read more

HPCL is a leading oil and gas company in India.

• Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) is a Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprise in India.

• It is a leading oil and gas company with a strong presence in refining, marketing, and distribution.

• HPCL operates two major refineries in Mumbai and Visakhapatnam, with a total refining capacity of over 18 million metric tonnes per annum.

• The company has a wide network of retail outlets and LPG distributors across the country.

• HPC...read more

Earthing is the process of connecting electrical equipment to the earth to prevent electric shock and damage to the equipment.

• Earthing provides a path for the fault current to flow to the ground instead of passing through the human body.

• It helps in stabilizing the voltage and reducing the risk of electrical fires.

• Earthing is essential for electrical safety and is required by electrical codes and regulations.

• Examples of earthing include grounding rods, grounding mats, and grou...read more

Tata Motors is a leading Indian automotive manufacturing company known for producing a wide range of vehicles including cars, trucks, buses, and defense vehicles.

• Tata Motors is the largest automotive company in India.

• It manufactures a variety of vehicles such as passenger cars (e.g. Tata Tiago, Tata Nexon), commercial vehicles (e.g. Tata Ace, Tata Prima), and defense vehicles (e.g. Tata Safari Storme).

• The company has a global presence with operations in various countries incl...read more

DPC stands for Damp Proof Course. It is a barrier in a building to prevent moisture from rising through the walls.

• DPC is usually made of materials like bitumen, plastic sheets, or metal strips.

• The quantity of DPC required is calculated based on the length and width of the walls where it needs to be installed.

• The thickness of the DPC also plays a role in determining the quantity needed.

• For example, if a wall is 10 meters long and the DPC needs to be 150mm thick, the quantity r...read more

I have basic knowledge about oil & gas industry.

• I know that oil & gas industry is a major contributor to the global economy.

• I am aware that the industry involves exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution of oil and gas products.

• I know that the industry faces challenges such as fluctuating oil prices, environmental concerns, and geopolitical issues.

• I am familiar with some of the major players in the industry such as ExxonMobil, Shell, and BP.

• I understand that the ind...read more

There are three types of equilibrium in thermodynamics: thermal equilibrium, mechanical equilibrium, and chemical equilibrium.

• Thermal equilibrium occurs when two systems are at the same temperature and no heat flows between them.

• Mechanical equilibrium occurs when there is no net force acting on a system, resulting in no movement.

• Chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal, resulting in no overall change in concentrations of reactants ...read more

Transformers are electrical devices that transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.

• Transformers are used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current (AC) signal.

• There are two main types of transformers: step-up transformers and step-down transformers.

• Step-up transformers increase the voltage, while step-down transformers decrease the voltage.

• Transformers are commonly used in power distribution systems to transm...read more

Bearings are mechanical components that allow for smooth rotation or linear motion between two parts.

• Types of bearings include ball bearings, roller bearings, plain bearings, and fluid bearings.

• Ball bearings use balls to reduce friction between two surfaces.

• Roller bearings use cylindrical rollers to support radial and axial loads.

• Plain bearings have a sliding surface instead of balls or rollers.

• Fluid bearings use a thin layer of liquid or gas to support the rotating shaft.

Affinity law relates to the relationship between flow rate, pressure, and speed of a pump.

• Affinity law states that the flow rate of a pump is directly proportional to its speed.

• It also states that the pressure generated by a pump is proportional to the square of its speed.

• Affinity law is used to predict the performance of a pump at different speeds.

• For example, if a pump is running at 50% of its maximum speed, the flow rate will also be 50% of its maximum.

• Similarly, if the sp...read more

We are manufacturing electronic devices for home and office use.

• Our products include smart home devices, routers, and modems.

• We focus on creating user-friendly and efficient products.

• Our devices are designed to improve connectivity and productivity.

• Examples of our products include smart thermostats, wireless speakers, and network extenders.

Electricity is transmitted for long distances through high voltage power lines.

• Electricity is generated at power plants using generators.

• The electricity is then stepped up to high voltages using transformers to reduce energy losses during transmission.

• High voltage power lines are used to transmit electricity over long distances.

• At the destination, the voltage is stepped down using transformers for distribution to homes and businesses.

Grain boundaries are interfaces between grains in a polycrystalline material, affecting material properties.

• Grain boundaries are regions where the crystal structure changes orientation.

• They can affect material properties such as strength, conductivity, and corrosion resistance.

• Grain boundaries can be classified as low-angle or high-angle boundaries based on the misorientation angle.

• Examples include the use of grain boundary engineering to improve material properties in metals...read more

Power factor should ideally be high for efficient power transmission and utilization.

• High power factor indicates efficient power transmission and utilization

• Low power factor results in increased energy losses and higher electricity bills

• Power factor can be improved using power factor correction devices like capacitors

The process during refrigeration is named as the refrigeration cycle.

• The refrigeration cycle involves four main components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

• Refrigerant is compressed by the compressor, then condensed in the condenser to release heat.

• The high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the expansion valve, where it expands and cools down.

• The cooled refrigerant then absorbs heat from the surroundings in the evaporator, before returning to t...read more

Stress happens before strain.

• Stress is the force applied to an object, while strain is the deformation that results from that force.

• Stress causes strain, so stress must happen first.

• For example, if you pull on a rubber band, the stress you apply causes the rubber band to stretch, which is the strain.

• In engineering, stress and strain are important concepts for designing structures that can withstand external forces.

I am most interested in learning about artificial intelligence and machine learning.

• I am fascinated by how AI can be used to improve efficiency and accuracy in various industries.

• I enjoy studying algorithms and data analysis techniques used in machine learning.

• I am eager to explore the applications of AI in areas such as healthcare, finance, and autonomous vehicles.

The Russia-Ukraine war can have a negative impact on the Indian economy due to rising oil prices, disruptions in trade, and geopolitical tensions.

• Rising oil prices due to supply disruptions from Russia, a major oil exporter

• Disruptions in trade with both Russia and Ukraine, affecting imports and exports

• Geopolitical tensions leading to uncertainty in global markets and investment decisions

Power system is a network of electrical components used to generate, transmit, and distribute electricity.

• Power system includes power generation plants, transmission lines, substations, and distribution networks.

• It is responsible for delivering electricity from power plants to homes, businesses, and industries.

• Power system engineers design, operate, and maintain the system to ensure reliable and efficient electricity supply.

• Examples of power systems include the national grid,...read more

There are several types of welding, including arc welding, MIG welding, TIG welding, and spot welding.

• Arc welding uses an electric arc to create heat and join metals.

• MIG welding uses a wire electrode and a shielding gas to create a weld.

• TIG welding uses a tungsten electrode and a separate filler material.

• Spot welding is used to join two or more metal sheets together at specific points.

Different types of welding include MIG, TIG, Stick, and Flux-Cored welding, each with unique applications.

• MIG welding is commonly used for automotive and construction applications.

• TIG welding is often used for precision work on thin materials like aluminum.

• Stick welding is a versatile method used for welding thicker materials in outdoor environments.

• Flux-Cored welding is ideal for welding in windy or dirty conditions.

The principle of a generator is based on electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field induces an electric current in a conductor.

• Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy

• They work on the principle of electromagnetic induction

• A rotating coil within a magnetic field generates an electric current

• The direction of the current is determined by Fleming's right-hand rule

My aim is to become a skilled professional in my field and contribute to the growth and success of the organization I work for.

• To gain practical experience and knowledge through the Graduate Apprenticeship Trainee program

• To develop strong technical and interpersonal skills

• To actively contribute to projects and tasks assigned to me

• To learn from experienced professionals and mentors

• To continuously improve and stay updated with industry trends and advancements