Discuss hypothesis testing in detail.

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Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used to make inferences about a population based on sample data.

Hypothesis testing involves formulating a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.
The null hypothesis assumes that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables, while the alternative hypothesis suggests otherwise.
A significance level (alpha) is chosen to determine the threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis.
Statistical tests such as t-tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests, etc., are used to calculate the probability of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis is true.
If the p-value is less than the significance level, the null hypothesis is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis.
Hypothesis testing helps in making decisions based on data and drawing conclusions about the population from which the sample was taken.

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