10+ Manish Electrical & Electronics Interview Questions and Answers

The OSI model has 7 layers that define how different devices communicate over a network.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model

• Each layer has specific functions and interacts with adjacent layers

• Layers include Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application

• Data is passed down through the layers on the sending device and up through the layers on the receiving device

• Each layer adds its own header or trailer to the data as it p...read more

Network & networking refers to the practice of connecting computers and other devices to share resources and information.

• Network refers to a collection of computers and devices connected together to share resources and information.

• Networking involves the design, implementation, and management of these networks.

• Types of networks include LAN (Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network).

• Networking protocols like TCP/IP govern how data is ...read more

Data recovery from a virus-infected system

• Isolate the infected system from the network to prevent further spread of the virus

• Scan the system with an updated antivirus software to detect and remove the virus

• Attempt to recover data from backups or cloud storage

• If backups are not available, use data recovery software to retrieve lost data

• If all else fails, seek professional data recovery services

APIPA stands for Automatic Private IP Addressing and is used when a device cannot obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.

• APIPA assigns a unique IP address to a device when it cannot connect to a DHCP server.

• It allows devices to communicate on a local network even without a DHCP server.

• APIPA addresses are in the range of 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254.

• It is commonly used in small home or office networks where a DHCP server is not available.

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven different layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model.

• It helps in understanding how data is transferred from one computer to another over a network.

• Each layer has specific functions and interacts with adjacent layers.

• Examples of layers include Physical layer, Data Link layer, Network layer, Transport layer, Session layer, Present...read more

There are mainly three types of networks: LAN, WAN, and MAN.

• Local Area Network (LAN) - used to connect devices within a limited area like a home, office, or school.

• Wide Area Network (WAN) - connects devices over a large geographical area, often using public infrastructure like the internet.

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - covers a larger area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, typically within a city.

BSOD stands for Blue Screen of Death. It is an error screen displayed on Windows operating systems when a system error occurs.

• BSOD is caused by hardware or software issues

• Troubleshooting involves identifying the error code displayed on the screen

• Common causes include faulty RAM, outdated drivers, and malware infections

• Solutions may include updating drivers, running virus scans, or replacing hardware components

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DHCP eliminates the need for manual IP address configuration

• It allows devices to easily connect to a network and obtain necessary network settings

• DHCP servers lease IP addresses to devices for a specific period of time

• Commonly used in home and business networks to manage IP address allocation

Topology refers to the arrangement of nodes in a network and how they are connected.

• Topology defines the physical or logical layout of a network.

• Common topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid.

• Each topology has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, scalability, and fault tolerance.

Routing is the process of selecting the best path for network traffic to reach its destination.

• Routing helps in efficient and effective communication between devices on a network.

• It involves analyzing network topology and selecting the best path based on factors like distance, speed, and cost.

• Routing protocols like OSPF, BGP, and EIGRP are used to automate the process of routing.

• Routing is essential for the internet to function, as it enables communication between different n...read more

VLAN is a virtual LAN that allows network devices to communicate as if they were on the same physical network. ABR router is a router that connects two or more areas in a network.

• VLAN separates a physical network into multiple logical networks

• Devices in different VLANs cannot communicate without a router

• ABR router connects different areas in a network, such as OSPF areas or IS-IS levels

• ABR router maintains separate routing tables for each area it connects

Hardware and network problems can be caused by various factors.

• Identify the specific hardware or network component causing the issue

• Check for loose connections or damaged hardware

• Run diagnostic tests to pinpoint the problem

• Update drivers and firmware

• Check network settings and configurations

• Restart or reset the hardware or network device

• Consult technical documentation or seek expert help if necessary

RAS server stands for Remote Access Service server which allows remote access to a network through a dial-up or VPN connection.

• RAS server is used to provide remote access to a network

• It allows users to connect to a network through a dial-up or VPN connection

• RAS server is commonly used in organizations to allow employees to work remotely

• It provides secure access to the network by requiring authentication before granting access

PST stands for Personal Storage Table, a file format used by Microsoft Outlook to store email messages, contacts, calendar events, and other data.

• PST files can be used to backup or archive Outlook data.

• They have a maximum size limit of 20GB for Outlook 2007 and earlier versions, and 50GB for Outlook 2010 and later versions.

• PST files can be imported or exported in Outlook to transfer data between different computers or accounts.