UPL Graduate Apprentice Trainee Interview Questions and Answers

Laws governing energy and its transformations in physical systems.

• First law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• Second law: Entropy of a closed system always increases over time.

• Third law: Absolute zero cannot be reached.

• Applications in engineering, physics, and chemistry.

• Examples: heat engines, refrigeration, combustion, chemical reactions.

Steam ejectors are devices that use steam to create a vacuum by entraining and compressing gases or vapors.

• Steam ejectors work by using a high-pressure steam jet to create a low-pressure zone, which draws in gases or vapors from the surrounding area.

• The entrained gases or vapors are then compressed and discharged through a diffuser, which increases their velocity and reduces their pressure.

• Steam ejectors are commonly u...read more

Heat pump is a device that transfers heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.

• Heat pump works on the principle of refrigeration cycle.

• It consists of four main components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.

• The refrigerant absorbs heat from the low-temperature source (air, water, or ground) in the evaporator and gets converted into a gas.

• The compressor then compresses the gas, which incr...read more

Grinding is a process of removing material from a workpiece using an abrasive wheel or belt.

• Grinding is used to achieve high dimensional accuracy and surface finish.

• It is commonly used in manufacturing industries for finishing operations.

• Different types of grinding machines are used for different applications such as cylindrical, surface, and centerless grinding.

• Grinding can be done manually or with the help of compute...read more

A temperature gauge is a device used to measure and display the temperature of a system or environment.

• Temperature gauges are commonly used in various industries such as automotive, HVAC, and manufacturing.

• They can be analog or digital, providing a visual representation of temperature.

• Some temperature gauges are designed for specific applications, such as oven thermometers or refrigerator thermometers.

• They can measure ...read more

A pressure gauge is a device used to measure the pressure of a fluid or gas in a container or pipeline.

• It consists of a dial with a needle that indicates the pressure reading.

• There are different types of pressure gauges such as Bourdon tube, diaphragm, and capsule gauges.

• They are commonly used in industries such as oil and gas, manufacturing, and automotive.

• Pressure gauges are also used in medical equipment to measure ...read more

A level gauge is a device used to measure the level of liquids or gases in a container.

• Consists of a glass or plastic tube with markings indicating the level of the substance

• May also include a magnetic float or a pressure sensor to measure the level

• Used in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and oil and gas

• Examples include reflex, transparent, and magnetic level gauges

A potentiometer is an electronic component that can vary the resistance in a circuit.

• It is commonly used to control the volume in audio equipment.

• It can also be used to adjust the brightness of a light or the speed of a motor.

• Potentiometers come in different types, including linear and logarithmic.

• They are often represented in circuit diagrams with the symbol of a resistor with an arrow pointing towards a wiper.

• Potenti...read more

Level measurement is the process of determining the height of a substance in a container. Radar and ultrasonic are two common methods used for this purpose.

• Level measurement is important in industries such as oil and gas, chemical, and food processing.

• Radar level measurement uses electromagnetic waves to determine the level of a substance in a container.

• Ultrasonic level measurement uses sound waves to determine the lev...read more

A transmitter is an electronic device that converts electrical signals into radio waves for transmission.

• Transmitter is used to send information over long distances.

• It converts electrical signals into radio waves.

• Transmitter consists of an oscillator, modulator, and amplifier.

• The oscillator generates a carrier wave, which is then modulated with the information signal.

• The modulated signal is then amplified and transmitt...read more

Capacitor stores electrical energy while varistor protects against voltage surges.

• Capacitor stores energy in an electric field while varistor is a voltage-dependent resistor.

• Capacitor is used in filters, tuning circuits, and energy storage while varistor is used in surge protection.

• Capacitor has two conductive plates separated by a dielectric while varistor has a ceramic or metal oxide material.

• Capacitor is polarized w...read more

Laws governing energy and its transformations in physical systems.

• First law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

• Second law: Entropy of a closed system always increases over time.

• Third law: Absolute zero cannot be reached.

• Applications in engineering, physics, and chemistry.

• Examples: heat engines, refrigeration, combustion, chemical reactions.

Steam ejectors are devices that use steam to create a vacuum by entraining and compressing gases or vapors.

• Steam ejectors work by using a high-pressure steam jet to create a low-pressure zone, which draws in gases or vapors from the surrounding area.

• The entrained gases or vapors are then compressed and discharged through a diffuser, which increases their velocity and reduces their pressure.

• Steam ejectors are commonly u...read more

Heat pump is a device that transfers heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.

• Heat pump works on the principle of refrigeration cycle.

• It consists of four main components: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.

• The refrigerant absorbs heat from the low-temperature source (air, water, or ground) in the evaporator and gets converted into a gas.

• The compressor then compresses the gas, which incr...read more

Grinding is a process of removing material from a workpiece using an abrasive wheel or belt.

• Grinding is used to achieve high dimensional accuracy and surface finish.

• It is commonly used in manufacturing industries for finishing operations.

• Different types of grinding machines are used for different applications such as cylindrical, surface, and centerless grinding.

• Grinding can be done manually or with the help of compute...read more