What is OSI model explain , OSPF , DNS , DHCP , SDH , DWDM Basics

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OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used for Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
DNS (Domain Name System) is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol used to dynamically assign an IP address to a device on a network.
SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is a standardized protocol used to transport large amounts of data over long distances.
DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is a technology used in optical networking to increase the capacity of fiber optic cables.

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