What is Otsu threshold and why is it used?

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Otsu threshold is a method used for image segmentation to automatically calculate the optimal threshold value for binarizing an image.

Otsu thresholding is used to separate foreground and background pixels in an image by finding the threshold that minimizes the intra-class variance.
It is based on the assumption that the image contains two classes of pixels (foreground and background) with different intensity distributions.
The method calculates the threshold that maximizes the inter-class variance between the two classes of pixels.
Otsu thresholding is commonly used in image processing tasks such as object detection, image segmentation, and feature extraction.

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