Number of Islands Problem Statement

You are provided with a 2-dimensional matrix having N rows and M columns, containing only 1s (land) and 0s (water). Your goal is to determine the number of islands in this matrix. An island is comprised of connected groups of 1s. A connection between cells exists in all eight possible directions: two vertically, two horizontally, and four diagonally.

Input:

The first line contains two integers N and M, representing the number of rows and columns, respectively, in the matrix.
Each of the next N lines contains M integers separated by spaces, depicting matrix values.

Output:

The output consists of a single integer which is the number of islands found in the matrix.

Example:

Input:

4 5
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 0 1

Output:

5

Constraints:

• 1 <= N <= 10^3
• 1 <= M <= 10^3
• 0 <= ARR[i][j] <= 1
• Time limit: 1 second.

Note:

No need for explicit printing; just implement the function and provide the correct output.