What is important of hardness & toughness?

Question

Accepted Answer

Hardness and toughness are important properties in materials science for determining resistance to deformation and ability to absorb energy.

Hardness refers to a material's ability to resist deformation, scratching, or indentation.
Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.
Hardness is often measured using the Mohs scale for minerals or the Rockwell scale for metals.
Toughness can be tested through impact tests like Charpy or Izod tests.
Materials with high hardness are often brittle, while materials with high toughness are more ductile.
A balance between hardness and toughness is important in engineering applications to ensure durability and reliability.

What is important of hardness &amp; toughness?