Describe between optimistic and pessimisting locking.

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Accepted Answer

Optimistic locking assumes no conflicts while pessimistic locking assumes conflicts may occur.

Optimistic locking allows multiple transactions to access the same data simultaneously, assuming that conflicts are rare.
Pessimistic locking prevents multiple transactions from accessing the same data simultaneously, assuming that conflicts are likely to occur.
Optimistic locking is useful when conflicts are rare and the cost of locking is high.
Pessimistic locking is useful when conflicts are common and the cost of locking is low.
Example of optimistic locking: version control in software development.
Example of pessimistic locking: a bank account that only allows one person to access it at a time.