20+ Interview Questions and Answers

Zomato faced a data breach in May 2017.

• 17 million user records were stolen.

• Email addresses and hashed passwords were compromised.

• Payment information was not affected.

• Zomato took immediate action to enhance security measures.

Adware, malware, viruses, and zombies are all types of malicious software that can harm computer systems.

• Adware is software that displays unwanted advertisements on a user's computer.

• Malware is a broad term that refers to any software designed to harm a computer system, including viruses, worms, and Trojan horses.

• Viruses are programs that replicate themselves and infect other programs or files on a computer, often causing damage or stealing data.

• Zombies are computers that hav...read more

I aspire to make a positive impact on people's lives through my work.

• I want to work in a field where I can help others, such as healthcare or education

• I am passionate about using technology to improve people's lives

• I believe in the power of community and want to work towards building stronger, more inclusive communities

• I am inspired by people who have dedicated their lives to making a difference, such as doctors, teachers, and social workers

Reverse engineering involves analyzing a product or system to understand its design and functionality.

• Start by disassembling the product or system

• Identify the components and their relationships

• Analyze the code or software used in the product or system

• Recreate the design and functionality based on the analysis

• Reverse engineering is often used to create compatible products or to identify vulnerabilities in security systems

There have been several high-profile data breaches in recent years.

• In 2020, the personal information of over 500,000 Zoom users was found for sale on the dark web.

• In 2019, Capital One suffered a data breach affecting over 100 million customers.

• In 2018, Facebook experienced a data breach that compromised the personal information of 50 million users.

• In 2017, Equifax experienced a data breach that exposed the personal information of 143 million people.

• In 2016, Yahoo announced th...read more

XSS attack is a type of web vulnerability where attackers inject malicious scripts into trusted websites to steal sensitive information or perform unauthorized actions.

• XSS stands for Cross-Site Scripting.

• Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in web applications to inject malicious scripts.

• These scripts are then executed by unsuspecting users visiting the compromised website.

• XSS attacks can be classified into three types: stored, reflected, and DOM-based.

• To perform an XSS attack, ...read more

The type of data stored in OSI Model Data Link Layer is the frame or packet.

• The Data Link Layer is responsible for the physical transmission of data between network nodes.

• It encapsulates the network layer packet into a frame with additional control information.

• Examples of data stored in this layer include Ethernet frames, MAC addresses, and error detection codes.

To reset a password protected BIOS configuration, you can use various methods such as removing the CMOS battery, using a BIOS reset jumper, or using manufacturer-specific software.

• Remove the CMOS battery from the motherboard for a few minutes to reset the BIOS settings.

• Locate the BIOS reset jumper on the motherboard and move it to the reset position for a few seconds.

• Use manufacturer-specific software or tools to reset the BIOS configuration.

• Consult the motherboard or compute...read more

Tools for data recovery

• Recuva

• EaseUS Data Recovery Wizard

• Stellar Data Recovery

• Disk Drill

• TestDisk

DNS server is a computer server that contains a database of public IP addresses and their associated hostnames.

• DNS stands for Domain Name System.

• It translates domain names into IP addresses.

• DNS servers help in resolving domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.

• They play a crucial role in the functioning of the internet.

• DNS servers use a hierarchical structure for efficient name resolution.

• They use different types of records like A, CNAME, MX, etc.

• DNS servers can be au...read more

Memory mapping in Windows allows files to be mapped directly into memory for faster access and manipulation.

• Memory mapping allows files to be accessed as if they were in memory

• File mapping can be used for sharing data between processes

• Improves performance by reducing disk I/O operations

• Examples: CreateFileMapping, MapViewOfFile, UnmapViewOfFile

Logistics management involves planning, implementing, and controlling the movement and storage of goods, services, and information throughout the supply chain.

• Logistics management includes activities such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and order processing.

• Fleet management involves managing a company's vehicles to ensure they are operating efficiently and cost-effectively.

• Warehouse management processes include receiving, storing, picking, packing, and s...read more

IPC mechanism in Windows allows communication between processes through shared memory, message passing, and synchronization.

• IPC mechanisms in Windows include named pipes, mailslots, shared memory, and sockets.

• Named pipes allow communication between processes on the same machine or over a network.

• Mailslots are used for one-way interprocess communication.

• Shared memory allows processes to share data by mapping a region of memory that all processes can access.

• Sockets are used for...read more

Multi-threading in Windows allows multiple threads to run concurrently within a single process.

• Windows provides APIs like CreateThread and CreateProcess to create and manage threads.

• Threads share the same memory space within a process, allowing for efficient communication and resource sharing.

• Windows supports both user-mode and kernel-mode threads, with user-mode threads being more lightweight.

• Synchronization mechanisms like mutexes, semaphores, and critical sections are used...read more

Critical section in Windows is a synchronization mechanism used to protect shared resources from concurrent access.

• Critical sections are used to ensure mutual exclusion between threads accessing shared resources.

• They are implemented using the Windows API functions InitializeCriticalSection, EnterCriticalSection, and LeaveCriticalSection.

• Critical sections are more efficient than mutexes for synchronization within a single process.

• Example: Protecting a global variable from conc...read more

Use the input() function in Python to take input from the user.

• Use the input() function to prompt the user for input and store the input in a variable.

• You can specify a prompt message inside the input() function to guide the user on what to input.

• The input() function always returns a string, so you may need to convert the input to the desired data type if needed.

SSL and TLS are cryptographic protocols used to secure communication over the internet.

• SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer and TLS stands for Transport Layer Security.

• SSL is the predecessor of TLS.

• Both protocols provide encryption and authentication for secure communication.

• TLS is considered more secure than SSL.

• SSL uses a combination of symmetric and asymmetric encryption, while TLS primarily uses symmetric encryption.

• SSL and TLS use digital certificates to verify the identi...read more

MITM Attack is a type of cyber attack where an attacker intercepts communication between two parties to gain unauthorized access or steal information.

• MITM stands for Man-in-the-Middle.

• The attacker positions themselves between the sender and receiver to intercept and manipulate the communication.

• Disadvantages of MITM attacks include unauthorized access to sensitive information, data theft, and potential for further exploitation.

• Examples of MITM attacks include session hijackin...read more

Use GROUP BY and HAVING clause to fetch duplicate records from a table

• Use GROUP BY clause to group records with same values

• Use HAVING clause to filter out groups with count greater than 1

• Example: SELECT column_name, COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING COUNT(column_name) > 1

CIA stands for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability in the context of information security.

• Confidentiality: Ensuring that information is only accessible to those who are authorized to view it.

• Integrity: Ensuring that information is accurate and has not been tampered with.

• Availability: Ensuring that information is accessible when needed by authorized users.

• Example: Encrypting sensitive data to maintain confidentiality.

• Example: Implementing access controls to ensure int...read more

Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a user's files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key.

• Ransomware is typically spread through phishing emails, malicious websites, or software vulnerabilities.

• Once a user's files are encrypted, the ransomware will display a message demanding payment in cryptocurrency.

• Paying the ransom does not guarantee that the files will be decrypted, and it may encourage further attacks.

• Examples of ransomware include WannaCry, Cr...read more