80+ Interview Questions and Answers

Program to find the Nth term in an infinite series

• The series has a repeating pattern

• Use modulo operator to find the index of the repeating pattern

• Calculate the value of Nth term based on the pattern

To display different colors in a table using CSS for odd and even rows, you can use the :nth-child() selector.

• Use the :nth-child(odd) selector to target odd rows and apply a specific color using the background-color property.

• Use the :nth-child(even) selector to target even rows and apply a different color using the background-color property.

• For example, you can use CSS code like this: tr:nth-child(odd) { background-color: #f2f2f2; } tr:nth-child(even) { background-color: #fff...read more

Program to find the longest palindrome substring in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and check for palindromes of different lengths

• Store the longest palindrome found

• Return the length and substring

I am very comfortable with HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

• I have extensive experience in developing responsive web applications using HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

• I am proficient in using CSS preprocessors like SASS and LESS.

• I have worked with various JavaScript frameworks like React, Angular and Vue.js.

• I am familiar with HTML5 and CSS3 features like Flexbox and Grid layout.

• I am comfortable with debugging and troubleshooting issues related to HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

The process for registering XML Publisher Report

• Create a data model for the report

• Create a template for the report using RTF or XSL-FO

• Upload the template to the server

• Create a report definition using the data model and template

• Register the report definition with the XML Publisher server

Program to find second max in a list and its time complexity

• Sort the list in descending order and return the second element

• Traverse the list and keep track of the maximum and second maximum elements

• Time complexity: O(n)

This program displays words separated by spaces.

• Use an array of strings to store the words.

• Iterate through the array and print each word followed by a space.

• Exclude the space after the last word.

Developing CSS without using bootstrap involves writing custom CSS code to style web pages.

• Write CSS code to define styles for HTML elements

• Use CSS selectors to target specific elements

• Apply CSS properties to modify the appearance of elements

• Create media queries for responsive design

• Implement CSS animations and transitions

• Optimize CSS code for performance

A factory is responsible for creating and managing objects, while a service is responsible for providing specific functionality or performing tasks.

• A factory is used to create and initialize objects, often based on certain parameters or configurations.

• A service is a component that provides specific functionality or performs tasks for other components or systems.

• Factories are commonly used in object-oriented programming to encapsulate object creation logic.

• Services are often u...read more

Explanation of Hashing, complexities of ArrayList and LinkedList, and comparison of Hashtable and Hashset.

• Hashing is a technique to map data to a fixed-size table using a hash function.

• ArrayList has O(1) time complexity for accessing elements, but O(n) for insertion and deletion.

• LinkedList has O(1) time complexity for insertion and deletion, but O(n) for accessing elements.

• Hashtable is synchronized and allows null values, while Hashset is not synchronized and does not allow d...read more

To develop CSS for different devices, use media queries, responsive design principles, and testing on various devices.

• Use media queries to apply different CSS styles based on the device's screen size

• Follow responsive design principles to ensure the layout adapts to different devices

• Test the CSS on various devices to ensure compatibility and responsiveness

AngularJS is a JavaScript framework for building dynamic web applications.

• AngularJS is a client-side MVC framework.

• It allows developers to build single-page applications.

• It extends HTML with new attributes and tags.

• AngularJS uses two-way data binding to automatically synchronize data between the model and the view.

• It provides dependency injection and modularization features.

• Some popular examples of websites built with AngularJS are Gmail, YouTube, and Netflix.

Annotations used in Spring framework

• 1. @Autowired - for automatic dependency injection

• 2. @Controller - for defining a controller class

• 3. @RequestMapping - for mapping HTTP requests to controller methods

• 4. @Service - for defining a service class

• 5. @Repository - for defining a repository class

• 6. @Component - for defining a generic Spring-managed component

• 7. @Value - for injecting values from properties files or environment variables

• 8. @Qualifier - for specifying which bean to i...read more

Differences between Oracle EBS 12.1 and 12.2 Technical Architecture

• 12.2 has a web-based interface while 12.1 has a client-server interface

• 12.2 has a multi-node architecture while 12.1 has a single-node architecture

• 12.2 has a more modular architecture with fewer dependencies

• 12.2 has a more streamlined upgrade process compared to 12.1

Multithreading in Java allows multiple threads to execute concurrently within a single program.

• Multithreading improves performance by allowing multiple tasks to run simultaneously.

• Java provides built-in support for multithreading through the Thread class and Runnable interface.

• Synchronization is important to prevent race conditions and ensure thread safety.

• Examples of multithreading in Java include GUI applications, server applications, and game development.

• Multithreading can...read more

ng-getValue is not a standard attribute in Angular. It may be a custom directive or a typo.

• Check if ng-getValue is a custom directive or attribute in your Angular application

• Verify if it is being used correctly in the HTML template

• If it is a typo, correct it to the appropriate attribute or directive

Program to implement strcmp

• Use a loop to compare each character of the two strings

• Return 0 if both strings are equal, -1 if s1s2

• Handle null and empty strings appropriately

Program to implement strcat

• Declare two character arrays to store the strings to be concatenated

• Use a loop to copy the first string into the result array

• Use another loop to copy the second string into the result array after the first string

• Terminate the result array with a null character

Use Angular HttpClient to call web api and display data in UI

• Create a service in Angular to make HTTP requests using HttpClient module

• Subscribe to the observable returned by HttpClient.get() method to fetch data

• Bind the fetched data to UI elements in the component template

A directive is a programming construct that provides instructions to a compiler or interpreter.

• Directives are used to control the behavior of a program or to provide additional information to the compiler or interpreter.

• They are typically written as special comments or statements in the code.

• Examples of directives include #include in C/C++ to include header files, #pragma to control compiler-specific behavior, and #define to define constants or macros.

Collections Framework is a set of classes and interfaces that provide reusable data structures in Java.

• It provides interfaces like List, Set, Queue, etc. for storing collections of objects.

• It also provides classes like HashMap, TreeMap, etc. for storing key-value pairs.

• It simplifies the process of storing and manipulating data in Java programs.

• It improves the performance of Java programs by providing efficient data structures.

• Example: ArrayList is a class that implements the ...read more

To consume a RESTful web service, use HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE to interact with the API endpoints.

• Identify the API endpoint and its HTTP method

• Send a request to the endpoint using the appropriate HTTP method

• Receive the response from the API

• Parse the response and use the data as required

A program to sort an array of strings.

• Use a sorting algorithm like bubble sort, insertion sort, or quicksort.

• Compare strings using a comparison function.

• Implement the sorting algorithm in a function that takes the array as input and modifies it in place.

The $watch and $digest are two important concepts in AngularJS for data binding and updating the view.

• $watch is a function in AngularJS that allows you to watch for changes in a specific variable or expression.

• $digest is a function in AngularJS that triggers a process called the digest cycle, which updates the bindings and synchronizes the model and view.

• The $watch function takes two parameters: the variable or expression to watch and a callback function that gets executed wh...read more

Exception handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors in Java programs.

• Exceptions are objects that are thrown at runtime when an error occurs

• try-catch block is used to handle exceptions

• finally block is used to execute code regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not

• Java provides built-in exceptions like ArithmeticException, NullPointerException, etc.

• Custom exceptions can also be created by extending the Exception class

A factory is a design pattern that provides an interface for creating objects of a certain class.

• A factory encapsulates the object creation logic and hides it from the client.

• It allows the client to create objects without knowing the specific class or implementation details.

• Factories can be used to create different types of objects based on certain conditions or parameters.

• They promote loose coupling and flexibility in object creation.

• Example: A car manufacturing factory that...read more

Services are software components that perform specific tasks or provide functionality to other software applications.

• Services are self-contained and independent modules that can be accessed by other software components.

• They can be used to handle business logic, data processing, communication with external systems, etc.

• Examples of services include web services, microservices, RESTful APIs, and cloud services.

• Services can be implemented using various technologies and programmin...read more

ng-repeat is a directive in AngularJS used to repeat HTML elements for each item in an array.

• ng-repeat is used to create a loop in AngularJS

• It is commonly used to display a list of items from an array

• The directive is placed on an HTML element and uses the 'item in array' syntax

• It can also be used with filters and sorting

• Example:

• {{ item }}

CDN stands for Content Delivery Network. It is a distributed network of servers that deliver web content to users based on their geographic location.

• CDN improves website performance by reducing latency and increasing page load speed.

• CDN caches content in multiple locations, allowing users to access it from a server closest to them.

• CDN can handle high traffic loads and distribute it across multiple servers.

• Popular CDN providers include Cloudflare, Akamai, and Amazon CloudFront...read more

The $rootscope is a service in AngularJS that provides a global scope for sharing data between controllers.

• It is a part of the AngularJS framework.

• It is used to share data between controllers.

• It is a singleton object accessible throughout the application.

• It can be used to broadcast and listen to events.

A provider is a software component or service that supplies data, functionality, or resources to other software applications.

• A provider is responsible for delivering data, services, or resources to other software components or applications.

• Providers can be APIs, libraries, frameworks, or any other software component that offers functionality to other software.

• Examples of providers include database management systems, cloud service providers, and web service APIs.

jQuery is a fast, small, and feature-rich JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversal and manipulation, event handling, and animation.

• jQuery is a JavaScript library.

• It simplifies HTML document traversal and manipulation.

• It provides easy event handling and animation.

• jQuery is fast, small, and feature-rich.

OOPS in Java is a programming paradigm that emphasizes on objects and their interactions.

• OOPS stands for Object-Oriented Programming System

• Java is an OOPS language that supports encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• Encapsulation is the process of hiding data and methods within a class

• Inheritance allows a subclass to inherit properties and methods from a superclass

• Polymorphism allows objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors

• Example: A car class can have properties ...read more

Machine learning can be leveraged in cyber-security to detect and prevent cyber threats.

• Machine learning algorithms can analyze large amounts of data to identify patterns and anomalies that may indicate a cyber attack.

• By training machine learning models on historical data, they can learn to recognize known attack patterns and predict future attacks.

• Machine learning can be used to automate the detection and response to security incidents, reducing the time and effort required ...read more

To incentivize users to give proper ratings and reviews, you can offer rewards, provide a seamless review process, and engage with users.

• Offer rewards such as discounts, exclusive content, or loyalty points for leaving reviews.

• Make the review process seamless and user-friendly, minimizing any friction or barriers.

• Engage with users by responding to their reviews, addressing concerns, and showing appreciation.

• Provide incentives for verified purchases or verified users to ensure...read more

The cloud-based application I worked on had a microservices architecture with containerization using Docker and orchestration with Kubernetes.

• Utilized microservices architecture for scalability and flexibility

• Implemented containerization using Docker for easy deployment and management

• Utilized Kubernetes for orchestration and scaling of containers

• Used cloud services like AWS or Azure for hosting and infrastructure

• Implemented CI/CD pipelines for automated testing and deployment

Key differences include scalability, cost, maintenance, and flexibility.

• Scalability: Cloud architecture allows for easy scalability by adding or removing resources on-demand, while on-premise architecture requires upfront investment in hardware.

• Cost: Cloud architecture typically follows a pay-as-you-go model, where you only pay for the resources you use, while on-premise architecture involves higher upfront costs for hardware and maintenance.

• Maintenance: Cloud architecture sh...read more

Applications are deployed in cloud environment using tools like AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Docker, Kubernetes, etc.

• Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk for easy deployment and scaling of web applications.

• Containerize applications with Docker for portability and consistency across different environments.

• Leverage Kubernetes for orchestration and management of containerized applications.

• Automate deployment process with CI/CD tools like Jenkins or GitLab CI/CD.

• Utilize Infrastructure as Code (Ia...read more

Cucumber is a BDD testing tool and Singleton pattern is a design pattern. They can be used together in Java for efficient testing.

• Cucumber is a tool used for Behavior Driven Development (BDD) testing

• Singleton pattern is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object

• Using Singleton pattern with Cucumber in Java can help in efficient testing by ensuring only one instance of a class is created

• Example: Creating a WebDriver instance using Singleton patt...read more

A Logger is a software component used to record events, messages, and errors during the execution of a program.

• Loggers are used to track the flow of a program and provide insights into its behavior.

• They can be configured to log different levels of messages such as INFO, DEBUG, WARN, ERROR, etc.

• Loggers can write logs to various outputs like console, files, databases, or remote servers.

• They help in troubleshooting issues, monitoring performance, and auditing activities.

• Popular ...read more

Unions are used to combine multiple variables of different data types into a single variable.

• Unions allow for efficient use of memory by sharing the same memory location for different variables.

• They are commonly used in low-level programming for hardware access and data serialization.

• An example of a union is a struct that contains a float and an integer, where changing the value of one will affect the other.

Find the largest number in an array of strings.

• Convert each string in the array to a number using parseInt()

• Use Math.max() to find the largest number in the array

Java program using hash map to find highest and lowest marks

• Create a hash map to store student names and their marks

• Iterate through the hash map to find the highest and lowest marks

• Use a variable to keep track of the highest and lowest marks

Oops concepts in Java refer to Object-Oriented Programming principles like Inheritance, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, and Abstraction.

• Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism: Ability of a method to do different things based on the object it is acting upon.

• Abstraction: Hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary feature...read more

The program uses the Observer design pattern.

• The Observer pattern is used to define a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified and updated automatically.

• It promotes loose coupling between objects, allowing for easier maintenance and scalability.

• Examples of Observer pattern implementation can be seen in event handling systems, such as in GUI frameworks like Java Swing.

Different types of joins are Inner Join, Left Join, Right Join, and Full Outer Join.

• Inner Join returns only the matching rows from both tables.

• Left Join returns all the rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table.

• Right Join returns all the rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table.

• Full Outer Join returns all the rows from both tables, with NULL values in the columns where there is no match.

Yes, I like C programming language.

• I find C to be a powerful and efficient language for low-level programming.

• It has a rich library of functions and is widely used in operating systems and embedded systems.

• C is also a great language for learning computer science fundamentals.

• For example, I have used C to implement data structures like linked lists and binary trees.

Terraform is an infrastructure as code tool, while Python is a versatile programming language often used for automation in DevOps.

• Terraform is used for provisioning and managing infrastructure resources in a declarative way.

• Python is commonly used for scripting, automation, and building tools in the DevOps ecosystem.

• Terraform can be integrated with Python scripts to enhance automation capabilities.

• Both Terraform and Python have extensive community support and documentation fo...read more

OAuth 2.0 is an authorization framework that allows third-party applications to obtain limited access to a user's account.

• OAuth 2.0 is used for delegated authorization, allowing a user to grant access to their resources without sharing their credentials.

• It uses tokens (access token, refresh token) to grant access to resources on behalf of the user.

• OAuth 2.0 is widely used in APIs, social media platforms, and other web services for secure authorization.

• Examples of OAuth 2.0 im...read more

Design a URL shortener service

• Generate a unique short code for each long URL

• Store the mapping of short code to long URL in a database

• Redirect users from short URL to long URL when accessed

• Consider implementing custom short domains for branding

• Track analytics for shortened URLs for performance monitoring

I rate myself as an experienced Java developer with strong knowledge of core concepts and frameworks.

• I have been working with Java for over 5 years and have developed several enterprise-level applications.

• I am proficient in core Java concepts such as OOP, multithreading, and collections.

• I have experience working with popular Java frameworks such as Spring and Hibernate.

• I am constantly learning and keeping up with the latest developments in the Java ecosystem.

• I am confident in...read more

To reverse a word, you can iterate through the characters of the word and build a new word by appending each character in reverse order.

• Iterate through the characters of the word from the last character to the first character.

• Append each character to a new string in reverse order.

• Return the new string as the reversed word.

OOPS concept is based on four main principles: Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, and Abstraction.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Inheritance: Allowing a new class to inherit properties and behavior from an existing class.

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types.

• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features.

Linux commands for copying and creating files and directories.

• To copy a file: cp source_file destination_file

• To copy a directory: cp -r source_directory destination_directory

• To create a new file: touch new_file

• To create a new directory: mkdir new_directory

No, post method should not be used for delete call

• Use the DELETE method for delete calls

• POST method is used for creating resources, not deleting them

To find the middle element in a linked list, use the slow and fast pointer approach.

• Initialize two pointers, slow and fast, both pointing to the head of the linked list.

• Move the slow pointer by one step and the fast pointer by two steps until the fast pointer reaches the end of the list.

• The element pointed to by the slow pointer at this point is the middle element of the linked list.

BGP and OSPF are routing protocols used in computer networks to exchange routing information and determine the best path for data to travel.

• BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (AS) in the internet.

• OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is used within a single autonomous system to determine the best path for data to travel.

• BGP uses a path vector algorithm to determine the best path, while OSPF uses a link state al...read more

Java program to reverse a string using StringBuilder

• Create a StringBuilder object with the input string

• Use the reverse() method of StringBuilder to reverse the string

• Convert the reversed StringBuilder object back to a string using toString()

To delete a node, first find the node to be deleted, then update the pointers of the previous and next nodes to skip the node to be deleted.

• Find the node to be deleted by traversing the linked list

• Update the 'next' pointer of the previous node to skip the node to be deleted

• Update the 'previous' pointer of the next node to skip the node to be deleted

POM stands for Page Object Model, a design pattern to create object repositories for web UI elements. Page Factory is an extension of POM in Selenium.

• POM helps in creating reusable code and reduces code duplication by separating UI locators from test methods.

• Page Factory in Selenium is used to initialize elements of a Page class without using 'FindElement' or 'FindElements' methods.

• Page Factory annotations like @FindBy are used to locate elements in a Page class.

• Using POM and...read more

XPath for locating elements on MakeMyTrip application

• Use unique attributes like id, class, name, etc. to create XPath

• Avoid using indexes in XPath as they can be unreliable

• Use contains() and starts-with() functions for dynamic attributes

• Consider using parent-child relationships for complex structures

A multi-threaded application allows for concurrent execution of tasks, improving performance and responsiveness.

• Identify tasks that can be executed concurrently

• Create threads to execute each task

• Use synchronization mechanisms to avoid race conditions

• Consider thread safety when accessing shared resources

• Use thread pools to manage resources efficiently

AWS is a cloud computing platform by Amazon offering a wide range of services for storage, computing, networking, databases, and more.

• AWS provides a wide range of services including EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud), S3 (Simple Storage Service), RDS (Relational Database Service), and more.

• AWS offers scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness for businesses of all sizes.

• AWS has a global infrastructure with data centers located in multiple regions around the world.

• AWS provides ...read more

I have a diverse background in product management, with experience in tech startups and established companies.

• Worked as a product manager at a tech startup for 3 years

• Managed product development for a SaaS platform at a Fortune 500 company

• Led cross-functional teams to launch successful products

• Experience in market research, user testing, and product strategy

Page Object Model is a design pattern used in test automation to create an object repository for web elements on a page.

• It helps in separating the test scripts from the web elements, making the code more maintainable and reusable.

• Each web page is represented as a class, and the web elements on the page are defined as variables within the class.

• Methods are created within the class to perform actions on the web elements, such as clicking a button or entering text into a field.

• P...read more

Java Design Patterns are reusable solutions to common software problems.

• Design patterns provide a standard way to solve recurring problems in software development.

• There are three categories of design patterns: creational, structural, and behavioral.

• Examples of design patterns include Singleton, Factory, Adapter, and Observer.

• Design patterns can improve code readability, maintainability, and scalability.

Cloud technologies refer to services and resources delivered over the internet, allowing users to access and store data remotely.

• Cloud technologies include Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS).

• Examples of cloud services are Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.

• Cloud services offer scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness for businesses.

• Common cloud services include storage, ...read more

Testcases for a pencil include checking its writing ability, eraser functionality, durability, sharpening ease, and lead breakage resistance.

• Verify that the pencil writes smoothly on paper without skipping

• Test the eraser by attempting to erase pencil marks effectively

• Check the durability of the pencil by dropping it from a certain height

• Test how easily the pencil can be sharpened without breaking the lead

• Verify the resistance of the lead to breakage when writing with differen...read more

Fundamentals of computer science cover basic concepts and principles in computing.

• Includes topics like algorithms, data structures, programming languages, and computer architecture.

• Understanding of computational complexity, software engineering principles, and computer networking is essential.

• Knowledge of operating systems, databases, and cybersecurity is also important.

• Examples: Sorting algorithms like bubble sort, data structures like linked lists, programming languages lik...read more

Linux commands are used to interact with the Linux operating system through the command line interface.

• ls - list directory contents

• cd - change directory

• pwd - print working directory

• mkdir - make a new directory

• rm - remove files or directories

• cp - copy files or directories

• mv - move files or directories

• grep - search for patterns in files

• chmod - change file permissions

• sudo - execute a command as the superuser

Analyzing the frequency of words in sentences.

• Split the sentence into words using spaces as delimiter

• Create a dictionary to store word frequencies

• Iterate through the words and update the frequency count in the dictionary

• Return the dictionary with word frequencies

I have extensive experience in writing user stories to capture requirements and ensure clear communication between stakeholders and development teams.

• I have worked on various projects where I have written user stories to define features and functionalities from end user perspective.

• I have collaborated with product owners, developers, and other stakeholders to gather requirements and prioritize user stories.

• I have used tools like Jira or Trello to create and manage user storie...read more

Iterate through the list to find the second largest number.

• Iterate through the list and keep track of the largest and second largest numbers.

• Compare each number with the largest and second largest numbers to update them accordingly.

• Return the second largest number once the iteration is complete.

I have experience with Java programming through coursework and personal projects.

• Completed multiple Java programming assignments in university courses

• Developed a simple Java application for a personal project

• Familiar with object-oriented programming concepts in Java

Generate GFG code based on input string

• Convert each character in the string to its ASCII value

• Add 10 to each ASCII value

• Convert the new ASCII values back to characters to get the GFG code

FRD is Functional Requirement Document which specifies what the system must do. BRD is Business Requirement Document which specifies why the system must do it.

• FRD focuses on the technical aspects of the system functionality.

• BRD focuses on the business objectives and goals that the system must achieve.

• FRD is used by developers to understand the specific requirements of the system.

• BRD is used by stakeholders to understand the business needs and benefits of the system.

• Example: F...read more

The company uses a hybrid framework combining elements of both BDD and keyword-driven testing.

• Hybrid framework combines BDD and keyword-driven testing

• BDD allows for collaboration between technical and non-technical team members

• Keyword-driven testing simplifies test case creation and maintenance

I have experience coding on various platforms including GitHub, CodePen, and Visual Studio Code.

• GitHub - a web-based platform for version control and collaboration

• CodePen - an online code editor and community for front-end development

• Visual Studio Code - a powerful code editor with built-in debugging and Git integration

The basic personality of someone refers to their fundamental traits, behaviors, and characteristics.

• Personality is a combination of traits, such as introversion or extroversion, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

• It can also include behaviors, such as being organized, punctual, or assertive.

• Characteristics like being optimistic, empathetic, or ambitious are also part of someone's personality.

• Personality can influence how someone interacts with others,...read more

Setting up a Linux environment involves installing the operating system, configuring network settings, and installing necessary software.

• Install Linux distribution (e.g. Ubuntu, CentOS)

• Configure network settings (IP address, DNS, etc.)

• Install necessary software (e.g. development tools, testing frameworks)

• Set up user accounts and permissions