How distillation column works?

Question

Accepted Answer

A distillation column is a unit used in chemical processes to separate mixtures into their individual components based on their boiling points.

Distillation column works on the principle of vapor-liquid equilibrium.
It consists of a vertical column with multiple trays or packing material.
A mixture is fed into the column and heated to generate vapor.
The vapor rises through the column and comes into contact with the liquid on the trays or packing.
Components with lower boiling points vaporize and rise to the top, while components with higher boiling points remain in the liquid phase and collect at the bottom.
The vapor is then condensed and collected as a purified product.
Examples of distillation columns include those used in oil refineries to separate crude oil into various fractions like gasoline, diesel, and kerosene.
Another example is the production of alcoholic beverages, where distillation columns are used to separate alcohol from the fermented mixture.

Top Navin Fluorine International DPT.Manager interview questions & answers