Roots Educational Trust Interview Questions and Answers

Data structures are ways of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently.

• Types of data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, and hash tables.

• Arrays are a collection of elements stored in contiguous memory locations, accessed using an index.

• Linked lists are a series of nodes where each node contains data and a reference to the next node.

• Stacks follow the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, where ele...read more

Object-oriented programming concepts include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (class). Example: class Car with properties like make, model, and methods like start(), stop().

• Inheritance: creating new classes based on existing classes, inheriting their attributes and methods. Example: class SUV inheriting from class Car.

• Polymorphism: ability of objects to take on multip...read more

A class is a blueprint for creating objects in object-oriented programming. Objects are instances of classes.

• A class defines the properties and behaviors of objects. For example, a 'Car' class may have properties like 'color' and 'model', and behaviors like 'drive' and 'stop'.

• An object is an instance of a class. For example, 'myCar' can be an object of the 'Car' class with specific values for 'color' and 'model'.

• Code example in Python: class Car: def __init__(self, color, mod...read more

Virtual functions are functions in a base class that are overridden in derived classes, while static functions belong to the class itself rather than instances.

• Virtual functions allow for dynamic binding and polymorphism in object-oriented programming.

• Static functions are associated with the class itself and can be called without creating an instance of the class.

• Example: virtual void display() = 0; // pure virtual function in C++

• Example: static void printMessage() { cout << ...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of a function or method to behave differently based on the object it is acting upon.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

• It enables a single interface to represent multiple data types.

• Examples include method overloading and method overriding in object-oriented programming.