ATO and ATS on-board working principle and specifications

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Accepted Answer

ATO and ATS are safety systems on-board trains that ensure safe and efficient operation.

ATO (Automatic Train Operation) is a system that controls the train's speed and acceleration, as well as its braking and stopping.
ATS (Automatic Train Supervision) is a system that monitors the train's position and speed, and communicates with the ATO system to ensure safe operation.
ATO and ATS work together to ensure that trains operate safely and efficiently, reducing the risk of accidents and delays.
Specifications for ATO and ATS systems vary depending on the type of train and the specific requirements of the railway network.
Examples of ATO and ATS systems include the CBTC (Communications-Based Train Control) system used on the London Underground, and the ETCS (European Train Control System) used on high-speed rail networks in Europe.

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