what is class object, inheritance, function overloading ,function overriding, difference between encapsulation and abstraction, volatile keyword

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Class object is an instance of a class, inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class, function overloading is defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameters, function overriding is redefining a function in a subclass, encapsulation is bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit, abstraction is hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary details, volatile keyword is used to indicate that a variable may be changed by external factors.

Class object is an instance of a class like creating an object 'car' from a class 'Vehicle'.
Inheritance allows a class 'Car' to inherit properties and methods from another class 'Vehicle'.
Function overloading is defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameters like having 'calculateArea(int side)' and 'calculateArea(int length, int breadth)'.
Function overriding is redefining a function in a subclass like having 'display()' in both parent and child classes with different implementations.
Encapsulation is bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit like having private variables and public methods in a class.
Abstraction is hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary details like using interfaces in Java.
Volatile keyword is used to indicate that a variable may be changed by external factors like in multithreading when a variable is accessed by multiple threads.

what is class object, inheritance, function overloading ,function overriding, difference between encapsulation and abstraction, volatile keyword

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