OOPS Concepts : what is abstraction? what is encapsulation? How do you achieve abstraction in python? what are private and protected access specifiers ?

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Abstraction and encapsulation are OOPS concepts. Achieving abstraction in Python is through abstract classes and interfaces. Private and protected access specifiers restrict access to class members.

Abstraction is the process of hiding implementation details and showing only the necessary information to the user.
Encapsulation is the process of wrapping data and methods into a single unit and restricting access to them from outside the unit.
In Python, abstraction is achieved through abstract classes and interfaces.
Private access specifier restricts access to class members within the class only.
Protected access specifier restricts access to class members within the class and its subclasses.
Example of private access specifier: __variable
Example of protected access specifier: _variable

OOPS Concepts : what is abstraction? what is encapsulation? How do you achieve abstraction in python? what are private and protected access specifiers ?

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