Define OOPS concepts

Question

Accepted Answer

OOPS concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming that help in designing and implementing software solutions.

Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods together in a class to hide implementation details.
Inheritance: Creating new classes by inheriting properties and behaviors from existing classes.
Polymorphism: Ability of objects to take on many forms and perform different actions based on the context.
Abstraction: Simplifying complex systems by breaking them down into smaller, manageable parts.
Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism together form the pillars of OOPS.
Example: In a banking system, a 'BankAccount' class can encapsulate data like account number and balance, and methods like deposit and withdraw.
Example: Inheritance can be seen in a 'SavingsAccount' class inheriting from the 'BankAccount' class.
Example: Polymorphism allows a 'BankAccount' object to be used interchangeably with a 'SavingsAccount' object.
Example: Abstraction can be achieved by creating abstract classes or interfaces that define common behaviors for multiple classes.

Top Cognizant Programmer Analyst interview questions & answers