Tell about IP concepts

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IP concepts refer to the fundamental principles and protocols used in the Internet Protocol suite.

IP stands for Internet Protocol, which is a set of rules governing the format of data packets and their transmission over a network.
IP addresses are unique numerical identifiers assigned to devices connected to a network.
IPv4 is the most widely used version of IP, using 32-bit addresses.
IPv6 is the newer version of IP, using 128-bit addresses to accommodate the growing number of devices on the internet.
IP routing involves the process of forwarding data packets from one network to another based on their destination IP addresses.
IP subnetting allows for the division of a network into smaller subnetworks, improving efficiency and security.
IP fragmentation is the process of breaking down large data packets into smaller fragments to facilitate transmission over networks with smaller maximum packet sizes.
IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) is a suite of protocols used to secure IP communications by providing authentication, encryption, and integrity.
Examples of IP-based protocols include TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

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