20+ M.p.integrated Waterproofing Interview Questions and Answers

Constructor initializes an object, destructor cleans up resources. Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class. Static function belongs to the class, not instances. Volatile keyword indicates a variable may be changed unexpectedly.

• Constructor initializes an object when it is created. Example: 'Car c = new Car();'

• Destructor cleans up resources when an object is destroyed. Example: 'delete ptr;'

• Polymorphism allows a child class to be treated as ...read more

In C++, datatypes have specific ranges and sizes. Embedded systems are real-life examples of using datatypes effectively.

• Datatypes in C++ have specific ranges and sizes to store different types of data efficiently.

• For example, 'int' datatype in C++ typically has a range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.

• Embedded systems use datatypes like 'uint8_t' to efficiently store data in limited memory space.

• Real-life example of an embedded system is a smart thermostat that controls th...read more

Microcontrollers are integrated circuits designed for specific tasks, while microprocessors are general-purpose CPUs. 8051 is a popular microcontroller.

• Microcontrollers are self-contained systems with memory, I/O ports, and timers, designed for specific tasks.

• Microprocessors are general-purpose CPUs that require external components for memory, I/O, and timers.

• 8051 microcontroller is a popular 8-bit microcontroller known for its low power consumption and versatility.

Embedded C is a subset of C language used for programming embedded systems, while Embedded C++ is a subset of C++ language with additional features for embedded systems.

• Embedded C is a subset of C language, with limited features and libraries compared to standard C.

• Embedded C++ is a subset of C++ language, with additional features like classes, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Embedded C is commonly used for low-level programming in embedded systems, while Embedded C++ is used f...read more

Program to determine if a number is prime or not prime

• Create a function to check if a number is prime or not

• Iterate from 2 to the square root of the number and check for divisibility

• If the number is divisible by any number other than 1 and itself, it is not prime

• Return true if the number is prime, false otherwise

Designed a final year project involving a deep learning model with a block diagram.

• Researched various deep learning algorithms and techniques

• Implemented the chosen algorithm using Python and TensorFlow

• Created a detailed block diagram to illustrate the project workflow

• Tested and evaluated the performance of the deep learning model

• Presented the project findings and results to faculty and peers

System engineers design and manage complex systems to ensure they operate efficiently and effectively.

• Designing and implementing computer systems

• Managing system configurations and upgrades

• Troubleshooting system issues

• Collaborating with other IT professionals

• Ensuring system security and data integrity

Attributes used in Requirements DOORS Module include priority, status, owner, and description.

• Priority - indicates the importance of the requirement

• Status - shows the current state of the requirement (e.g. open, closed)

• Owner - specifies the person responsible for the requirement

• Description - provides details about the requirement

Code to generate Fibonacci series using iterative approach

• Initialize an array to store the Fibonacci series

• Start with the first two numbers in the series (0 and 1)

• Use a loop to calculate the next number by adding the previous two numbers

• Continue this process until the desired number of terms is reached

Pointers in C++ are variables that store memory addresses. They can be used to access and manipulate data directly.

• Types of pointers: Null pointer, Void pointer, Wild pointer, Dangling pointer

• Example: int *ptr; // pointer to an integer variable

KWP2000 and UDS are communication protocols used in automotive diagnostics.

• KWP2000 is used for diagnostics and flashing of electronic control units (ECUs) in older vehicles.

• UDS (Unified Diagnostic Services) is a modern protocol used for diagnostics and flashing of ECUs in newer vehicles.

• Both protocols allow for communication between a diagnostic tool and the vehicle's ECUs to read and clear fault codes, perform tests, and update software.

• KWP2000 is slower than UDS and is bein...read more

Online and offline in CANoe refer to the modes of communication with the CAN bus.

• Online mode allows real-time interaction with the CAN bus, sending and receiving messages.

• Offline mode allows analysis of previously recorded CAN bus data without real-time interaction.

• Online mode is used for testing and debugging live systems, while offline mode is used for post-analysis and simulation.

• Examples: Online mode is used to monitor live data from a vehicle's CAN bus during testing. Of...read more

There are mainly three types of ECUs: Engine Control Unit (ECU), Transmission Control Unit (TCU), and Body Control Module (BCM).

• Engine Control Unit (ECU) - controls the engine functions such as fuel injection, ignition timing, and emissions.

• Transmission Control Unit (TCU) - manages the transmission system, including gear shifting and torque converter lockup.

• Body Control Module (BCM) - oversees various body functions like lighting, climate control, and security systems.

Vehicle testing is done on the actual vehicle while bench testing is done on a simulated environment.

• Vehicle testing is done on the actual vehicle while bench testing is done on a simulated environment

• Vehicle testing is more expensive and time-consuming than bench testing

• Bench testing is used to test individual components or systems before integrating them into the vehicle

• Examples of bench testing include testing of engines, brakes, and suspension systems

• Examples of vehicle t...read more

State of charge refers to the amount of energy remaining in a battery compared to its full capacity.

• State of charge is usually expressed as a percentage.

• It is important for determining how much power is available in a battery.

• State of charge can be monitored using battery management systems.

• Example: A battery with 50% state of charge means it is halfway depleted.

Functional requirements specify what the system should do, while non-functional requirements specify how the system should perform.

• Functional requirements describe the specific behavior or functions of the system.

• Non-functional requirements describe the quality attributes of the system such as performance, security, and usability.

• Functional requirements are typically easier to measure and test compared to non-functional requirements.

• Examples of functional requirements include...read more

Characteristics of requirements include specificity, measurability, consistency, completeness, and traceability.

• Requirements should be specific and clearly defined

• Requirements should be measurable to determine success criteria

• Requirements should be consistent with other project goals and constraints

• Requirements should be complete, leaving no room for ambiguity

• Requirements should be traceable to ensure they are met throughout the project

Aspice SYS 1 to SYS 5 refers to the Automotive SPICE (ASPICE) process assessment model for evaluating software development processes in the automotive industry.

• ASPICE SYS 1 focuses on the project management process

• ASPICE SYS 2 focuses on the software requirements analysis process

• ASPICE SYS 3 focuses on the software architectural design process

• ASPICE SYS 4 focuses on the software detailed design process

• ASPICE SYS 5 focuses on the software coding and testing process

HIL testing involves testing a system using a real-time simulation model, while closed loop testing involves testing a system with feedback from the system itself.

• HIL testing stands for Hardware-in-the-Loop testing, where a real-time simulation model of a system is used to test the hardware components.

• Closed loop testing involves testing a system with feedback from the system itself, allowing for real-world conditions to be simulated.

• HIL testing is commonly used in automotive...read more

Microcontrollers are small computers on a single integrated circuit used to control electronic devices.

• Microcontrollers are often used in embedded systems for tasks like controlling sensors, motors, and displays.

• They typically have a CPU, memory, and input/output peripherals on a single chip.

• Examples of microcontrollers include Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and PIC microcontrollers.