1500+ Senior Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Yes, there are several other formwork systems apart from Mivan.

• Traditional timber formwork

• Steel formwork

• Aluminum formwork

• Climbing formwork

• Tunnel formwork

• Jump formwork

To analyse total diesel consumption in equipment, I would gather data on usage and calculate fuel efficiency.

• Collect data on equipment usage and fuel consumption

• Calculate fuel efficiency by dividing fuel consumption by equipment usage

• Compare fuel efficiency across different equipment to identify outliers

• Identify factors that may affect fuel efficiency, such as maintenance or operator behavior

I ensure security at application level by implementing secure coding practices and regularly testing for vulnerabilities.

• Implement secure coding practices such as input validation, output encoding, and proper error handling

• Regularly test for vulnerabilities using tools like OWASP ZAP and Burp Suite

• Implement access controls and authentication mechanisms to ensure only authorized users can access sensitive data

• Encrypt sensitive data both in transit and at rest

• Stay up to date wi...read more

Permissible offset in shell to dish end setup, types and categories of weld joint.

• Permissible offset in shell to dish end setup is typically 1/16 inch.

• Types of weld joint include butt joint, lap joint, corner joint, and T-joint.

• Categories of weld joint include groove weld, fillet weld, plug weld, and slot weld.

Spacer bar minimum diameter and spacing requirements vary depending on the application and building codes.

• Spacer bar minimum diameter is typically around 6mm to 8mm for single glazing and 10mm to 12mm for double glazing.

• Spacing between spacer bars is usually between 8mm to 20mm, depending on the size of the glass pane and thermal insulation requirements.

• Building codes may specify specific requirements for spacer bar diameter and spacing to ensure structural integrity and ener...read more

PPAP file making is done during the production validation stage of NPD work.

• PPAP file making is a part of the production validation process in NPD work

• It involves documenting the production process and ensuring it meets customer requirements

• PPAP file making is typically done after the design and development stages

• It includes documentation such as control plans, process flow diagrams, and inspection records

No, it is not possible to declare a column with a scale larger than the precision.

• The scale of a number data type represents the number of digits to the right of the decimal point.

• The precision of a number data type represents the total number of digits, including both the whole and decimal parts.

• In the example given, the scale (-84) is larger than the precision (10), which is not allowed.

• The scale should always be equal to or less than the precision.

Pareto chart is a problem-solving tool used to identify and prioritize the causes of a problem.

• Pareto chart is a bar graph that displays the relative frequency or size of problems in descending order of importance.

• It helps to identify the vital few causes that account for the majority of the problems.

• It is based on the Pareto principle, also known as the 80/20 rule, which states that 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.

• It is used to focus on the most significant is...read more

Concrete technology is the study of the properties and behavior of concrete, including its composition, production, and application.

• Concrete is a composite material made up of cement, water, aggregates, and often other additives.

• It is widely used in construction for its strength, durability, and versatility.

• Concrete technology involves understanding the chemical reactions and physical properties of concrete.

• It includes topics like mix design, curing, testing, and quality cont...read more

My strongest point in Azure is my expertise in designing and implementing highly scalable and resilient cloud solutions.

• I have extensive experience in designing and implementing cloud solutions using Azure services such as Virtual Machines, Azure Functions, Azure App Service, and Azure Storage.

• I have a deep understanding of Azure networking and security, including Virtual Networks, Network Security Groups, and Azure Active Directory.

• I am skilled in using Azure DevOps for cont...read more

Function to dynamically allocate memory and write data to a memory location, returning the address details.

• Use malloc() or calloc() to dynamically allocate memory

• Use memcpy() or strcpy() to write data to the allocated memory

• Return the address details where data is present

Traverse a linked list based on input 0 or 1 to return decimal equivalent.

• Create a function that takes input 0 or 1 and traverses the linked list accordingly.

• For each node in the linked list, multiply the current decimal value by 2 and add the data of the node if input is 1.

• Return the final decimal value after traversing the linked list.

Volatile keyword prevents compiler optimization by telling the compiler that the variable's value can change unexpectedly.

• Volatile keyword is used to indicate that a variable may be changed unexpectedly, such as in the case of hardware registers.

• When initializing GPIO pins, using volatile keyword ensures that the compiler does not optimize away the initialization code.

• Without volatile keyword, the compiler may optimize out the GPIO initialization code if it thinks the value w...read more

Calculate number of bricks, cement and sand required for a 10'X10' wall with 9" thickness.

• Calculate the area of the wall (10'X10') and the volume of the wall (10'X10'X0.75')

• Calculate the number of bricks required by dividing the volume of the wall by the volume of one brick (considering 10% wastage)

• Calculate the amount of cement and sand required for the brickwork based on the ratio of cement and sand (1:6)

• Convert the volume of cement and sand into weight using their respecti...read more

Direct metalizing is applicable on materials that can conduct electricity.

• Direct metalizing is a process of coating a non-metallic surface with a thin layer of metal.

• The material should be able to conduct electricity for direct metalizing to be applicable.

• Materials like plastic, glass, and ceramics can be direct metalized.

• Direct metalizing is commonly used in the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries.

Hoop stress is the stress exerted circumferentially in a cylindrical or spherical object. Reinforcement in a dome can be provided by using steel bars or mesh.

• Hoop stress is caused by the pressure inside the object and is calculated using the formula P*r/t, where P is the pressure, r is the radius, and t is the thickness of the object.

• In a dome, reinforcement can be provided by using steel bars or mesh that are placed in a criss-cross pattern and embedded in the concrete.

• The r...read more

The sampling frequency for private density test per square meter depends on the type of test being conducted.

• The sampling frequency for a private density test per square meter varies depending on the type of test being conducted.

• For example, a soil density test may require a sampling frequency of one sample per 100 square meters, while a concrete density test may require a sampling frequency of one sample per 10 square meters.

• The sampling frequency may also depend on the spec...read more

Process checks in line testing of a 6inch dia pigging line and associated calculations

• Pressure testing to ensure integrity of the line

• Flow testing to check for blockages or restrictions

• Calibration of pigging equipment for accurate results

• Calculations involve pressure drop, flow rate, and pigging efficiency

• Recording and analyzing data for future reference

Hipot testing is a process used to verify the insulation integrity of busbars, breakers, cables, and transformers.

• Hipot testing involves applying a high voltage to the component being tested.

• The purpose is to check for any insulation breakdown or leakage current.

• For busbars and cables, the test is typically performed between the conductor and the ground.

• For breakers and transformers, the test is performed between different terminals or windings.

• The test voltage is usually hig...read more

The best way to find the majority element in an array is by using the Boyer-Moore Voting Algorithm.

• Initialize a candidate variable and a count variable.

• Iterate through the array and for each element:

• - If the count is 0, set the current element as the candidate.

• - If the current element is the same as the candidate, increment the count.

• - Otherwise, decrement the count.

• After the iteration, the candidate will be the majority element.

• To verify if it is indeed the majority eleme...read more

L2 and L3 switches are network devices used for packet switching. L2 operates at the data link layer and L3 at the network layer.

• L2 switch operates at the data link layer and forwards packets based on MAC addresses

• L3 switch operates at the network layer and forwards packets based on IP addresses

• L2 switch is used for LAN networks while L3 switch is used for both LAN and WAN networks

• L2 switch is faster than L3 switch as it has less processing overhead

• Examples of L2 switches inc...read more

The main quality focus in civil engineering is safety, durability, and sustainability.

• Ensuring the safety of structures and infrastructure

• Designing for durability and longevity

• Incorporating sustainable practices and materials

• Adhering to building codes and regulations

• Conducting thorough inspections and testing

• Using advanced technology and software for design and analysis

• Collaborating with other professionals to ensure quality and efficiency

Admixtures are chemicals added to concrete to enhance its properties. They affect the workability, strength, and durability of concrete.

• Admixtures are added to concrete to improve its quality and performance.

• They can affect the setting time, workability, strength, and durability of concrete.

• Examples of admixtures include water reducers, accelerators, retarders, air-entraining agents, and superplasticizers.

Civil engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure.

• Civil engineering involves the planning, design, and construction of structures such as buildings, bridges, roads, and dams.

• It focuses on ensuring the safety, functionality, and sustainability of infrastructure projects.

• Civil engineers use principles of physics, mathematics, and materials science to solve complex engineering problems.

• They work on projects r...read more

Fill ratio is the percentage of array slots that are occupied by elements. Concurrency level is the estimated number of concurrently updating threads.

• Fill ratio is important for performance optimization and memory usage.

• Concurrency level determines the number of segments in the collection.

• Higher concurrency level can improve performance but also increases memory usage.

• Examples of concurrent collection frameworks include ConcurrentHashMap and ConcurrentLinkedQueue.

Companies are going for TPM to improve productivity, reduce downtime, and increase efficiency.

• TPM helps in identifying and eliminating equipment failures before they occur

• It ensures that equipment is maintained properly and in a timely manner

• TPM also helps in reducing the need for emergency repairs and downtime

• It improves overall equipment effectiveness and reduces costs

• Companies that have implemented TPM have seen significant improvements in productivity and efficiency

• Exampl...read more

NDC stands for National Drug Code. It is a unique identifier for drugs in the United States.

• NDC is a 10-digit code that identifies drugs, including prescription and over-the-counter medications.

• The first segment of the NDC represents the labeler code, which identifies the manufacturer or distributor of the drug.

• The second segment represents the product code, which identifies the specific drug formulation and strength.

• The third segment represents the package code, which identi...read more

Equivalent of varchar(20) in COBOL and SQL error codes 805 and 922

• In COBOL, the equivalent of varchar(20) is PIC X(20)

• SQL error code 805 indicates program not found or not authorized

• SQL error code 922 indicates memory allocation failure

Turbocharger uses exhaust gases to compress air and increase engine power. Compressor map shows its efficiency.

• Turbocharger uses a turbine to spin a compressor wheel

• Exhaust gases from the engine turn the turbine

• The compressor wheel draws in air and compresses it

• Compressor map shows the efficiency of the turbocharger at different operating conditions

• Efficiency is measured by pressure ratio and mass flow rate

Yes, I am knowledgeable about MTBF and MTTR in the context of engineering.

• MTBF refers to the average time between failures of a system or component.

• MTTR is the average time it takes to repair a failed system or component.

• Both metrics are important in assessing the reliability and maintenance needs of engineering systems.

• For example, a server may have an MTBF of 10,000 hours and an MTTR of 2 hours.

Yes, I can create a controlling circuit diagram based on your specifications.

• I will need detailed specifications including input/output requirements, components to be used, and any specific constraints.

• I will create a schematic diagram using software like Eagle, Altium, or KiCad.

• I will ensure the circuit meets safety standards and is optimized for performance.

• I will provide documentation including a bill of materials and assembly instructions.

I climb towers as part of my job requirements on a regular basis.

• I climb towers for routine maintenance checks

• I climb towers to install or repair equipment

• I climb towers to conduct inspections or surveys

• On average, I climb towers at least once a month

IS codes are Indian Standards codes used for standardization of products, processes, and services.

• IS 456:2000 - Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete

• IS 2062:2011 - Specification of steel for general structural purposes

• IS 800:2007 - Code of practice for general construction in steel

• IS 1343:2012 - Code of practice for prestressed concrete

• IS 1200:Part 1:1992 - Method of measurement of building and civil engineering works

• IS 2502:1963 - Code of practice for bending an...read more

String reverse and bit manipulation in C

• To reverse a string in C, use a loop to swap characters from start and end positions

• To set a bit at a position in an integer, use bitwise OR operator with 1 shifted to that position

• To clear a bit at a position in an integer, use bitwise AND operator with the complement of 1 shifted to that position

Typedef is used to create an alias name for a data type, including structures and unions.

• Typedef simplifies the code and makes it more readable.

• Syntax: typedef struct/union { members } alias_name;

• Example: typedef struct { int age; char name[20]; } Person;

• Example: typedef union { int i; float f; } Number;

Integration of sites involves identifying the systems to be integrated, defining the data flow, and implementing the integration process.

• Identify the systems to be integrated

• Define the data flow between the systems

• Choose the appropriate integration method (API, ETL, etc.)

• Develop and test the integration process

• Deploy the integration process and monitor for errors

• Ensure data security and compliance

• Provide ongoing support and maintenance

I will follow a structured approach to identify the root cause and work with the supplier to develop and implement a corrective action plan.

• Conduct a thorough investigation to identify the root cause of non-responsiveness

• Communicate with the supplier to understand their perspective and challenges

• Develop a corrective action plan with specific actions, timelines, and responsibilities

• Monitor progress and provide regular updates to stakeholders

• Consider alternative suppliers if ne...read more

Carbide formation after carburizing can lead to brittleness and reduced strength. Proper heat treatment and tempering can help prevent this issue.

• Perform proper heat treatment and tempering to prevent carbide formation

• Adjust carburizing parameters to avoid excessive carbon diffusion

• Use a different carburizing method, such as gas carburizing instead of pack carburizing

• Consider using a different material with better resistance to carbide formation

• Inspect the parts for carbide f...read more

AWS Lambda is a serverless computing service that runs code in response to events and automatically manages the computing resources required.

• AWS Lambda is event-driven and allows you to run code without provisioning or managing servers.

• To communicate with S3 in a cross-account scenario, you can use IAM roles and policies to grant necessary permissions.

• Create a role in the account where the Lambda function resides with permissions to access the S3 bucket in the other account.

• U...read more

Code to reverse a string using recursion

• Create a recursive function that takes a string as input

• Base case: if the string is empty or has only one character, return the string

• Recursive case: return the last character of the string concatenated with the result of calling the function on the substring excluding the last character

Primary and secondary connections with port numbers are used for communication between client and agent machines.

• Primary connection is established using a well-known port number, such as port 80 for HTTP.

• Secondary connection is established using a random port number, which is assigned by the client machine.

• Primary connection is used for initial communication and negotiation, while secondary connection is used for data transfer.

• Secondary connection can be closed and reopened m...read more

Understanding power supply equipment EMI and EMC functionality, selecting electronic components, and handling related issues.

• EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) and EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) are crucial considerations in power supply equipment to ensure proper functioning and compliance with regulations.

• Select electronic components with low EMI emissions and high EMC performance to minimize interference with other devices and ensure reliability.

• Use shielding, filteri...read more

Indexing in a database is a technique to improve the speed of data retrieval by creating a data structure that allows for quick lookup.

• Indexing involves creating a separate data structure that contains pointers to the actual data in the database.

• Common data structures used for indexing include B-trees, hash tables, and binary search trees.

• Indexes can be created on one or multiple columns in a database table to speed up queries.

• Examples of indexing in databases include creatin...read more

My approach involves using load balancing, caching, asynchronous processing, and horizontal scaling.

• Implement load balancing to distribute requests evenly across multiple servers.

• Utilize caching mechanisms to store frequently accessed data and reduce response times.

• Use asynchronous processing for long-running tasks to free up resources for handling more requests.

• Implement horizontal scaling by adding more servers to handle increased traffic.

• Optimize database queries and use i...read more

To debug and solve crash issues, analyze crash logs, reproduce the issue, use debugging tools, isolate the problem, fix the issue, and test the solution.

• Analyze crash logs to identify the cause of the crash

• Reproduce the crash issue to understand its triggers

• Use debugging tools like breakpoints, log statements, or memory analyzers

• Isolate the problem by narrowing down the code or components involved

• Fix the issue by addressing the root cause

• Test the solution thoroughly to ensure...read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and provides constant time complexity for basic operations.

• HashMap uses hashing to store and retrieve values based on their keys.

• It allows null values and one null key.

• Collisions are resolved by chaining or open addressing.

• The initial capacity and load factor can be specified during initialization.

• The internal array is resized when the load factor exceeds a threshold.

• The put() method adds a key-value pair to the map.

• The ...read more

StringBuffer is synchronized while StringBuilder is not.

• StringBuffer is thread-safe while StringBuilder is not.

• StringBuffer is slower than StringBuilder due to synchronization.

• StringBuilder is preferred for single-threaded operations.

• Both classes are used for manipulating strings.

• Example: StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();